Table 1.
General characteristics of population based on case and control groups
| Control (n = 105) | Case (n = 105) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic characteristic | |||
| Age (y) | 55.41 ± 7.14 | 55.33 ± 7.04 | 0.94 |
| Albumin (g/dl) | 8.37 ± 6.76 | 14.40 ± 11.94 | < 0.001 |
| ACR | 18.66 ± 5.92 | 232.18 ± 114.07 | < 0.001 |
| Diabetes duration (y) | 7.56 ± 2.17 | 7.60 ± 2.21 | 0.88 |
| Blood pressure | |||
| SBP (mmHg) | 129.04 ± 98.88 | 126.59 ± 17.27 | 0.80 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 80.10 ± 11.76 | 82.80 ± 13.09 | 0.12 |
| Anthropometry characteristic | |||
| Body weight (kg) | 71.589 ± 11.50 | 73.400 ± 13.83 | 0.30 |
| Height (cm) | 161.17 ± 5.91 | 160.68 ± 6.29 | 0.56 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.510 ± 4.39 | 28.686 ± 4.74 | 0.06 |
| Blood parameters | |||
| Hb (mg/dl) | 12.630 ± 1.22 | 12.610 ± 1.37 | 0.91 |
| FBS (mg/dl) | 154.19 ± 45.03 | 167.10 ± 50.62 | 0.05 |
| BS (mg/dl) | 207.10 ± 54.35 | 217.75 ± 53.23 | 0.15 |
| HbA1c (%) | 8.031 ± 1.29 | 8.660 ± 1.41 | < 0.001 |
| Cholesterol (mg/dl) | 175.38 ± 32.42 | 185.15 ± 38.12 | 0.05 |
| TG (mg/dl) | 162.25 ± 57.91 | 167.26 ± 65.68 | 0.56 |
| LDL (mg/dl) | 94.60 ± 29.47 | 106.86 ± 31.77 | < 0.001 |
| HDL (mg/dl) | 46.37 ± 9.25 | 45.05 ± 9.26 | 0.30 |
| Cr (mg/dl) | 0.87 ± 0.17 | 0.92 ± 0.16 | 0.03 |
| BUN (mg/dl) | 15.17 ± 3.86 | 15.79 ± 4.55 | 0.29 |
| Qualitative variables | |||
| PA (met-h/w) | |||
| Low (> 600) | 37 (17.6) | 31 (14.8) | 0.12 |
| Moderate (600–3000) | 28 (13.4) | 42 (20) | |
| High (< 3000) | 40 (19) | 32 (15.2) | |
| Medical history | |||
| Positive CVD history | 23 (11) | 24 (11.4) | 0.86 |
| Medication usage | |||
| ARBs | 45 (21.4) | 60 (28.6) | 0.03 |
| ACEIs | 21 (10) | 44 (21) | 0.001 |
| Beta blockers | 18 (8.6) | 20 (9.5) | 0.56 |
| Metformin | 104 (49.5) | 104 (49.5) | 0.75 |
| sulfonylurea | 62 (29.5) | 71 (33.8) | 0.19 |
| Insulin | 35 (16.7) | 26 (12.4) | 0.17 |
Data are presented as mean ± SD or number (percent)
Independent sample T test and chi square were used
Significant items with a P value ≤ 0.05 are bolded
ACR Albumin creatinine ratio, SBP Systolic blood pressure, DBP Diastolic blood pressure, BMI Body mass index, Hb Hemoglobin, FBS Fasting blood sugar, BS Blood sugar, TG Triglycerides, HDL High density lipoprotein, LDL Low density lipoprotein, CR Creatinine, BUN Blood urea nitrogen, DASH Dietary approach to stop hypertension, PA Physical activity, met Metabolic equivalent, CVD Cardiovascular disease, ARBs Angiotensin receptor blockers, ACEIs Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors