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. 2023 Feb 13;13:29. doi: 10.1186/s13578-023-00982-z

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 3 — Echocardiographic imaging can monitor regeneration of X. tropicalis injured hearts in a scar-free manner. A: Representative echocardiography image of the same-age nonapical resection group under B-mode. B: Representative image 5 days after apical resection. The damaged heart with a missing apex (left side of the dashed line) was clearly identified under echocardiography. C: Representative image 10 days after apical resection. D: Representative image 30 days after apical resection. E: Representative image 45 days after apical resection. The regeneration of the injured heart was able to be monitored and justified dynamically by the recovery of morphology and anatomic structure under echocardiographic imaging at 5 days, 10 days, 30 days and 45 days after apical resection. The boundary between the apical region of the regenerated heart and the surrounding tissue was clear, and no adhesion with the surrounding tissue was found at 30 days and 45 days after apical resection. Red arrow: Area of the boundary between the apical region of the regenerated heart and the surrounding tissue. Dashed line: Boundary of the regeneration zone and noninjury zone