Fig. 2. Catalytic performance of Pd@CMK3 and Pd@HHT (from ref. 33) during FA decomposition. (a) FA conversion as a function of reaction time on Pd@CMK3 and Pd@HHT catalysts in the batch reactor. (b) FA conversion as a function of reaction time on Pd@CMK3 in the fixed bed reactor using flow rates of 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 mL min⁻¹.