Table 4.
Odds ratios for cardiometabolic risk factors among children and adolescents by sex and weight.
| Risk factor variable and weight category | All subjects | Female subjects | Male subjects | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subjects, n | Odds ratio, (95% CI) | P value | Subjects, n | Odds ratio, (95% CI) | P value | Subjects, n | Odds ratio, (95% CI) | P value | |
| Triglycerides | |||||||||
| Overweight | 2902 | 0.66 (0.56-0.78) |
<0.001 | 1816 | 0.75 (0.61-0.92) |
0.006 | 1086 | 0.51 (0.39-0.68) |
<0.001 |
| Obesity-A | 3624 | Reference | 2118 | Reference | 1506 | Reference | |||
| Obesity-B | 685 | 1.28 (1.01-1.61) |
0.04 | 391 | 1.36 (1.01-1.82) |
0.04 | 294 | 1.16 (0.80-1.69) |
0.42 |
| HDL cholesterol | |||||||||
| Overweight | 2902 | 0.66 (0.53-0.83) |
<0.001 | 1816 | 0.69 (0.50-0.96) |
0.03 | 1086 | 0.65 (0.48-0.89) |
0.006 |
| Obesity-A | 3624 | Reference | 2118 | Reference | 1506 | Reference | |||
| Obesity-B | 685 | 1.44 (1.06-1.95) |
0.02 | 391 | 1.65 (1.07-2.53) |
0.02 | 294 | 1.24 (0.80-1.91) |
0.32 |
| LDL cholesterol | |||||||||
| Overweight | 2902 | 0.86 (0.71-1.05) |
0.15 | 1816 | 0.96 (0.75-1.23) |
0.79 | 1086 | 0.69 (0.49-0.97) |
0.03 |
| Obesity-A | 3624 | Reference | 2118 | Reference | 1506 | Reference | |||
| Obesity-B | 685 | 1.37 (1.03-1.83) |
0.03 | 391 | 1.49 (1.03-2.15) |
0.03 | 294 | 1.20 (0.76-1.92) |
0.42 |
| Total Cholesterol | |||||||||
| Overweight | 2902 | 0.94 (0.80-1.11) |
0.49 | 1816 | 1.01 (0.83-1.24) |
0.88 | 1086 | 0.77 (0.57-1.05) |
0.09 |
| Obesity-A | 3624 | Reference | 2118 | Reference | 1506 | Reference | |||
| Obesity-B | 685 | 1.10 (0.85-1.43) |
0.47 | 391 | 1.22 (0.87-1.70) |
0.21 | 294 | 0.92 (0.58-1.46) |
0.725 |
| Systolic BP | |||||||||
| Overweight | 2059 | 0.56 (0.46-0.67) |
<0.001 | 1282 | 0.58 (0.45-0.75) |
<0.001 | 777 | 0.53 (0.41-0.69) |
<0.001 |
| Obesity-A | 2490 | Reference | 1413 | Reference | 1077 | Reference | |||
| Obesity-B | 450 | 1.11 (0.85-1.44) |
0.43 | 251 | 1.29 (0.91-1.85) |
0.15 | 199 | 0.94 (0.64-1.38) |
0.75 |
| Diastolic BP | |||||||||
| Overweight | 2059 | 0.78 (0.66-0.92) |
0.003 | 1282 | 0.84 (0.69-1.04) |
0.10 | 777 | 0.71 (0.55-0.92) |
0.01 |
| Obesity-A | 2490 | Reference | 1413 | Reference | 1077 | Reference | |||
| Obesity-B | 450 | 0.99 (0.76-1.28) |
0.96 | 251 | 1.10 (0.78-1.54) |
0.59 | 199 | 0.85 (0.56-1.28) |
0.43 |
| Prediabetes | |||||||||
| Overweight | 2902 | 0.76 (0.64-0.91) |
0.003 | 1816 | 0.78 (0.61-0.98) |
0.04 | 1086 | 0.76 (0.58-1.01) |
0.06 |
| Obesity-A | 3624 | Reference | 2118 | Reference | 1506 | Reference | |||
| Obesity-B | 685 | 1.29 (0.99-1.69) |
0.06 | 391 | 1.37 (0.96-1.96) |
0.07 | 294 | 1.18 (0.78-1.78) |
0.43 |
| Diabetes | |||||||||
| Overweight | 2902 | 1.59 (0.95-2.67) |
0.08 | 1816 | 1.54 (0.80-2.95) |
0.20 | 1086 | 1.67 (0.72-3.89) |
0.23 |
| Obesity-A | 3624 | Reference | 2118 | Reference | 1506 | Reference | |||
| Obesity-B | 685 | 0.40 (0.10-1.71) |
0.22 | 391 | 0.34 (0.04-2.55) |
0.29 | 294 | 0.51 (0.07-4.00) |
0.52 |
| ALT | |||||||||
| Overweight | 2783 | 0.59 (0.52-0.68) |
<0.001 | 1735 | 0.56 (0.47-0.68) |
<0.001 | 1048 | 0.63 (0.52-0.77) |
<0.001 |
| Obesity-A | 3440 | Reference | 2007 | Reference | 1433 | Reference | |||
| Obesity-B | 646 | 1.42 (1.18-1.72) |
<0.001 | 368 | 1.28 (0.98-1.67) |
0.07 | 278 | 1.61 (1.22-2.12) |
<0.001 |
GLMs that controlled for age and sex were used for these analyses. Obesity-A is the referent group.
A p value < 0.05 was considered significant.
ALT, alanine aminotransferase; BP, blood pressure; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein.