TABLE 3.
Statistics of gut metabolites with discriminative abundance in feces samples of CKD patients compared with healthy group
| Metabolite | KEGG | HMDB | Microbe | Hsa | CKD | VIP | P value | Fold change (CKD vs. healthy) |
RSD (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arachidic acid | C06425 | HMDB0002212 | Yes | Yes | NC | 3.04 | 0.017 | 24.20818 | 5.61 |
| N,N-Dimethylaniline | C02846 | HMDB0001020 | NA | NA | NC | 2.95 | 0.013 | 20.58342 | 8.57 |
| L-Phenylalanine | C00079 | HMDB0000159 | Yes | Yes | NC | 3.12 | 0.008 | 15.08339 | 9.04 |
| Dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid | C03242 | HMDB0002925 | Yes | Yes | NC | 2.54 | 0.023 | 10.98456 | 11.23 |
| N-Acetylputrescine | C02714 | HMDB0002064 | Yes | Yes | NC | 2.21 | 0.027 | 3.319421 | 15.48 |
| Hexamethylquercetagetin | NA | HMDB0029308 | NA | NA | NC | 1.97 | 0.035 | 0.422767 | 21.51 |
| 5,7,3′-Trihydroxy-4′-methoxyflavanone | NA | HMDB0030746 | NA | NA | NC | 2.04 | 0.026 | 0.411529 | 17.69 |
| 1,3,7-Trimethyluric acid | C16361 | HMDB0002123 | Yes | Yes | NC | 1.99 | 0.018 | 0.363065 | 13.44 |
| Homocarnosine | C00884 | HMDB0000745 | Yes | Yes | NC | 2.06 | 0.025 | 0.173692 | 11.27 |
| Epinephrine | C00788 | HMDB0000068 | Yes | Yes | NC | 2.87 | 0.018 | 0.171792 | 10.05 |
| Acetaminophen | C06804 | HMDB0001859 | NA | Yes | NC | 3.12 | 0.017 | 0.155547 | 11.34 |
| N-Acetylputrescine | C02714 | HMDB0002064 | Yes | Yes | NC | 3.55 | 0.024 | 0.108809 | 12.65 |
| Linoleic acid | C01595 | HMDB0000673 | Yes | Yes | NC | 2.57 | 0.015 | 0.089211 | 10.91 |
| Avocadyne | NA | HMDB0035473 | NA | NA | NC | 3.05 | 0.009 | 0.063397 | 8.77 |
| Ephedrine | C01575 | HMDB0015451 | Yes | Yes | NC | 3.11 | 0.011 | 0.052377 | 6.45 |
| Octadecylamine | NA | HMDB0029586 | NA | NA | NC | 2.85 | 0.018 | 0.026035 | 7.23 |
| Allocholic acid | C17737 | HMDB0000505 | Yes | NA | H-CKD | 3.581 | 0.0094 | 65.07163 | 3.41 |
| Aliskiren | NA | HMDB0015387 | NA | NA | H-CKD | 3.445 | 0.012 | 28.2064 | 7.25 |
| L-Glutamic acid | C00025 | HMDB0000148 | Yes | Yes | H-CKD | 3.17 | 0.017 | 24.53837 | 8.51 |
| Glycyrrhetinic acid | C02283 | HMDB0011628 | NA | NA | H-CKD | 3.04 | 0.021 | 17.47124 | 9.63 |
| Acetaminophen | C06804 | HMDB0001859 | NA | Yes | H-CKD | 2.85 | 0.014 | 16.6588 | 7.22 |
| Ondansetron | C07325 | HMDB0005035 | NA | NA | H-CKD | 2.71 | 0.023 | 7.111612 | 10.34 |
| Estrone glucuronide | C11133 | HMDB0004483 | NA | Yes | H-CKD | 2.34 | 0.027 | 6.045893 | 15.41 |
| Acamprosate | NA | HMDB0014797 | NA | NA | H-CKD | 2.25 | 0.031 | 4.777941 | 17.22 |
| Prednisone | C07370 | HMDB0014773 | NA | NA | H-CKD | 2.12 | 0.022 | 4.689358 | 13.41 |
| Salbutamol | C11770 | HMDB0001937 | NA | NA | H-CKD | 1.97 | 0.027 | 4.63981 | 16.22 |
| Spermine | C00750 | HMDB0001256 | Yes | Yes | H-CKD | 2.05 | 0.034 | 3.859989 | 23.41 |
| Hexamethylquercetagetin | NA | HMDB0029308 | NA | NA | H-CKD | 1.84 | 0.029 | 3.172898 | 27.45 |
| Mepivacaine | C07528 | C07528 | NA | NA | H-CKD | 1.88 | 0.033 | 2.659107 | 17.22 |
| Niflumic Acid | C13698 | HMDB0015573 | NA | NA | H-CKD | 1.84 | 0.042 | 0.440582 | 21.34 |
| Fumonisin A2 | NA | HMDB0034699 | NA | NA | H-CKD | 1.92 | 0.037 | 0.431233 | 19.55 |
| Zapotin | NA | HMDB0029461 | NA | NA | H-CKD | 1.77 | 0.025 | 0.424163 | 17.21 |
| Pregabalin | NA | HMDB0014375 | NA | NA | H-CKD | 2.01 | 0.023 | 0.330893 | 20.33 |
| Urobilinogen | C05791 | HMDB0004158 | Yes | Yes | H-CKD | 1.95 | 0.031 | 0.326445 | 21.42 |
| (S)-4′,5,7-Trihydroxy-6-prenylflavanone | C09832 | HMDB0037247 | NA | NA | H-CKD | 1.99 | 0.024 | 0.313458 | 18.57 |
| N1-Acetylspermine | C02567 | HMDB0001186 | NA | NA | H-CKD | 2.12 | 0.019 | 0.297418 | 17.24 |
| Fasciculic acid B | NA | HMDB0036438 | NA | NA | H-CKD | 2.42 | 0.021 | 0.162761 | 15.41 |
| Gefitinib | NA | HMDB0014462 | NA | NA | H-CKD | 2.28 | 0.013 | 0.051435 | 13.07 |
| Stearic acid | C01530 | HMDB0000827 | Yes | Yes | D-CKD | 3.14 | 0.012 | 19.091 | 11.34 |
| Glutaric acid | C00489 | HMDB0000661 | Yes | Yes | D-CKD | 2.94 | 0.017 | 5.721118 | 13.55 |
| Amiloride | C06821 | HMDB0014732 | NA | NA | D-CKD | 2.85 | 0.02 | 5.03763 | 9.81 |
| 2-Undecyl-4(1H)-quinolinone | NA | HMDB0032996 | NA | NA | D-CKD | 2.77 | 0.021 | 4.831606 | 14.52 |
| 2-Amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline | C19180 | HMDB0029706 | NA | Yes | D-CKD | 2.51 | 0.019 | 3.087497 | 13.77 |
| 3,4-Dimethoxyphenylethylamine | NA | HMDB0041806 | NA | NA | D-CKD | 2.24 | 0.023 | 2.909365 | 15.63 |
| 5,7-Dihydroxyflavone | C10028 | HMDB0036619 | NA | NA | D-CKD | 1.87 | 0.031 | 2.025846 | 21.32 |
| L-Proline | C00148 | HMDB0000162 | Yes | Yes | D-CKD | 2.02 | 0.025 | 2.009057 | 22.51 |
| Hexamethylquercetagetin | NA | HMDB0029308 | NA | NA | D-CKD | 1.88 | 0.041 | 0.422767 | 27.33 |
| 5,7,3′-Trihydroxy-4′-methoxyflavanone | NA | HMDB0030746 | NA | NA | D-CKD | 1.74 | 0.038 | 0.411529 | 24.55 |
| 1,3,7-Trimethyluric acid | C16361 | HMDB0002123 | Yes | Yes | D-CKD | 2.15 | 0.031 | 0.363065 | 18.55 |
| Homocarnosine | C00884 | HMDB0000745 | Yes | Yes | D-CKD | 2.41 | 0.029 | 0.173692 | 17.21 |
| Epinephrine | C00788 | HMDB0000068 | Yes | Yes | D-CKD | 2.37 | 0.034 | 0.171792 | 16.03 |
| Acetaminophen | C06804 | HMDB0001859 | NA | Yes | D-CKD | 2.16 | 0.022 | 0.155547 | 18.45 |
| N-Acetylputrescine | C02714 | HMDB0002064 | Yes | Yes | D-CKD | 2.53 | 0.018 | 0.108809 | 13.57 |
| Linoleic acid | C01595 | HMDB0000673 | Yes | Yes | D-CKD | 2.77 | 0.021 | 0.089211 | 14.81 |
| Avocadyne | NA | HMDB0035473 | NA | NA | D-CKD | 2.63 | 0.019 | 0.063397 | 9.88 |
| Ephedrine | C01575 | HMDB0015451 | Yes | Yes | D-CKD | 3.04 | 0.015 | 0.052377 | 10.71 |
| Octadecylamine | NA | HMDB0029586 | NA | NA | D-CKD | 2.87 | 0.009 | 0.026035 | 8.54 |