Table 1.
Characteristics of participants
| Patients (N = 176) | Caregivers (N = 176) | p | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, M ± SD | 61.5 ± 12.8 | 48.6 ± 14.4 | < 0.01 | |||
| Gender, N (%) | ||||||
| Male | 73 (42.2) | 66 (39.1) | < 0.01 | |||
| Female | 100 (57.8) | 103 (60.9) | ||||
| Ethnicity, N (%) | ||||||
| Chinese | 127 (74.7) | 126 (74.1) | < 0.01 | |||
| Malay | 24 (14.1) | 26 (15.3) | ||||
| Indian | 19 (11.2) | 17 (10.0) | ||||
| Other | - | 1 (0.6) | ||||
| Employment, N (%) | ||||||
| Part time | 13 (7.5) | 15 (8.6) | 0.75 | |||
| Full time | 45 (25.9) | 95 (54.3) | ||||
| Not employed | 116 (66.7) | 65 (37.1) | ||||
| Personal income level, N (%) | ||||||
| < $2500 | 67 (66.3) | 55 (42.0) | 0.98 | |||
| $2500–$5000 | 17 (16.8) | 43 (32.8) | ||||
| $5000–$7500 | 9 (8.9) | 15 (11.5) | ||||
| > $7500 | 8 (7.9) | 18 (13.7) | ||||
| Education, N (%) | ||||||
| Primary | 33 (18.9) | 9 (5.1) | 0.03 | |||
| < Secondary | 80 (45.7) | 53 (30.3) | ||||
| Post-secondary | 24 (13.7) | 48 (27.4) | ||||
| Graduate/post-graduate | 32 (18.3) | 63 (36.0) | ||||
| Others | 6 (3.4) | 2 (1.1) | ||||
| Marital status, N (%) | ||||||
| Single | 17 (9.9) | 46 (26.3) | < 0.01 | |||
| Married | 127 (73.8) | 119 (68.0) | ||||
| Divorced | 10 (5.8) | 5 (2.9) | ||||
| Widowed | 18 (10.5) | 5 (2.9) | ||||
| Cancer stage, N (%) | ||||||
| 1 | 6 (5.7) | |||||
| 2 | 20 (18.9) | |||||
| 3 | 32 (30.2) | |||||
| 4 | 48 (45.3) | |||||
| On active treatment, N (%) | 122 (74.5) | |||||
| Relationship to the patient, N (%) | ||||||
| Spouse | 73 (43.2) | |||||
| Child | 61 (36.1) | |||||
| Others | 35 (20.7) | |||||
| Precautionary behaviors takena | ||||||
| Keeping away from crowded places | 163 (95.9) | 171 (98.3) | 0.21 | |||
| Minimizing social contacts and visits | 157 (92.4) | 162 (93.1) | 0.82 | |||
| Avoid non-essential contact with healthcare workers | 86 (50.9) | 91 (52.6) | 0.68 | |||
| Practice better hygiene | 154 (90.6) | 163 (93.7) | 0.25 | |||
| Stay at home | 158 (92.9) | 151 (86.8) | 0.04 | |||
| Wear masks | 152 (89.9) | 160 (92.5) | 0.40 | |||
| Daily temperature monitoring | 100 (58.8) | 98 (56.3) | 0.71 | |||
| Seek medical advice with onset of symptoms | 122 (71.8) | 116 (66.7) | 0.23 | |||
| Take vitamin and supplements to boost immunity | 74 (43.5) | 80 (46.0) | 0.53 | |||
| Measure | Range | Patients (N = 176) | Caregivers (N = 176) | p | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GAD-7 score | 0–21 | 6.54 ± 6.92 | 5.02 ± 5.50 | 0.01 | ||
| GAD-7 cutoff, N (%) | ||||||
| Presence of anxiety | 47 (26.7) | 32 (18.2) | < 0.01 | |||
| No anxiety | 119 (67.6) | 141 (80.1) | ||||
| General COVID-19 concerns | 1–5 | 3.36 ± 1.11 | 3.56 ± 0.93 | 0.99 | ||
| Cancer-related COVID-19 concerns | 1–5 | 3.44 ± 1.17 | 3.62 ± 0.97 | 0.07 | ||
| Risk perception | 0–100 | 40.70 ± 17.37 | 37.11 ± 14.63 | 0.02 | ||
| Perceived confidence in healthcare system | 1–10 | 7.65 ± 1.62 | 7.60 ± 1.41 | 0.60 | ||
aPrecautionary measures taken are not mutually exclusive. Participants can report conducting more than one precautionary behavior