TABLE 5.
Subgroup analysis on the association between frailty score and length of hospital stay.
| Studies (n) | Mean difference (95% CI) | P-value | Q-test | I2 (%) | P between | Effect size (95% CI) | P-value | Q-test | I2 (%) | P between | |
| Length of follow-up | |||||||||||
| ≤30 days | 6 | 1.861 (1.619, 2.104) | <0.001 | 9.015 | 44.537 | 0.292 | 0.181 (−0.001, 0.363) | 0.051 | 718.021 | 99.304*** | 0.020 |
| >30 days | 3 | 4.559 (−0.450, 9.568) | 0.074 | 65.562 | 96.949*** | 0.471 (0.307, 0.634) | <0.001 | 3.921 | 48.988 | ||
| Mean age | |||||||||||
| <70 years old | 3 | 1.949 (1.806, 2.092) | <0.001 | 2.919 | 31.493 | 0.431 | 0.283 (0.052, 0.514) | 0.016 | 684.084 | 99.708*** | 0.630 |
| 70 years old and more | 5 | 3.462 (−1.725, 8.649) | 0.191 | 54.892 | 92.713*** | 0.257 (−0.025, 0.540) | 0.074 | 19.311 | 79.287** | ||
| Surgery type | |||||||||||
| Vascular surgeries | 8 | 2.705 (0.048, 5.362) | 0.046 | 446.545 | 98.432*** | 0.506 | 0.327 (0.214, 0.439) | <0.001 | 88.563 | 92.096*** | 0.002 |
| Amputation only | 1 | 1.800 (1.557, 2.043) | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.144 (0.125, 0.164) | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
| Severity | |||||||||||
| Mild | 6 | 3.151 (1.774, 4.528) | <0.001 | 444.579 | 98.875*** | 0.009 | 0.327 (0.175, 0.480) | <0.001 | 767.586 | 99.349*** | 0.043 |
| Severe | 3 | −0.816 (−3.479, 1.846) | 0.548 | 0.405 | <0.001 | 0.023 (−0.228, 0.275) | 0.856 | 0.730 | <0.001 | ||
| Amputation and foot ulcer history | |||||||||||
| No | 7 | 2.770 (−1.040, 6.580) | 0.154 | 244.656 | 97.548*** | 0.669 | 0.249 (0.024, 0.475) | 0.030 | 75.507 | 92.054*** | 0.873 |
| Yes | 2 | 1.938 (1.757, 2.119) | <0.001 | 2.588 | 61.366 | 0.277 (0.017, 0.538) | 0.037 | 683.803 | 99.854*** | ||
| Wound | |||||||||||
| Open wound | 3 | 1.775 (1.379, 2.172) | <0.001 | 2.532 | 21.018 | 0.637 | 0.163 (0.106, 0.220) | <0.001 | 3.216 | 37.815 | 0.003 |
| Others | 6 | 2.728 (−1.211, 6.667) | 0.175 | 443.256 | 98.872*** | 0.376 (0.249, 0.503) | <0.001 | 60.746 | 91.769*** | ||
CI, confidence interval, no medication subgroups data due to all studies belong to no ploy-medication group. **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. The bold values mean significant p-values.