Table 3.

Physical and social outcomes for cohort participants treated with primary amputation and LSS complicated by late amputation assessed by CCSS follow-up surveys

	Modified Poisson regression adjusted for age at physical function
Outcome	Yes	RR (95% CI)	p valuea
Limited physical performance
LSS with late amputation	74 (14 of 19)	1.81 (1.29-2.52)	0.001
Primary amputation	47 (189 of 403)	1.1 (0.89-1.37)	0.37
Help needed for routine needs
LSS with late amputation	24 (4 of 17)	4.45 (1.44-13.7)	0.009
Primary amputation	15 (57 of 372)	2.76 (1.29-5.89)	0.009
Cannot work or attend school
LSS with late amputation	35 (6 of 17)	3.85 (1.66-8.92)	0.002
Primary amputation	20 (73 of 372)	2.04 (1.15-3.64)	0.02
Driver’s license (older than 16 years of age)
LSS with late amputation	19 (3 of 16)	2.59 (0.82-8.21)	0.11
Primary amputation	9 (32 of 367)	1.55 (0.70-3.43)	0.28

Data presented as % (n).

^aThe reference group is the LSS group without amputation to date for all comparisons.