TABLE 3.

Subgroup analysis assessing the effect of saffron intake on MDA and TAC.

Variable	Sub-grouped by		No. of arms	Effect size (SMD)	95% CI	I2 (%)	p for heterogeneity
MDA	Duration	≥12ωεεκσ	5	-0.228	−0.45, −0.01	0	0.68
		<12ωεεκσ	4	-0.5	−0.95, −0.05	62.6	0.045
	Saffron dosage	>30μγ/δαψ	4	-0.335	−0.56, −0.11	0	0.981
		≤30μγ/δαψ	5	-0.335	−0.77, 0.09	65.5	0.02
	Age	<50	4	-0.526	−0.93, −0.13	57	0.073
		50≤	5	-0.196	−0.42, 0.03	0	0.66
	Supplementation type	Saffron	6	-0.262	−0.46, −0.07	0	0.908
		Crocin	3	-0.537	−1.28, 0.21	78	0.011
	Disease type	Diabetic	3	-0.169	−0.46, 0.19	0	0.408
		Non-diabetic	6	-0.415	−0.69, −0.14	41.5	0.128
TAC	Duration	≥12ωεεκσ	6	0.292	0.03, 0.55	37.1	0.159
		<12ωεεκσ	4	0.308	0.04, 0.57	0	0.746
	Saffron dosage	>30μγ/δαψ	4	0.214	−0.04, 0.47	16.9	0.306
		≤30μγ/δαψ	6	0.362	0.13, 0.60	0	0.443
	Age	<50	4	0.415	0.16, 0.67	0	0.774
		50≤	6	0.213	−0.03, 0.45	22.6	0.263
	Supplementation type	Saffron	6	0.174	−0.02, 0.37	0	0.534
		Crocin	4	0.552	0.26, 0.85	0	0.875
	Disease type	Diabetic	3	0.183	−0.27, 0.64	58	0.092
		Non-diabetic	6	0.358	0.16, 0.55	0	0.825