Appendix 13.
Associations between protective factors and outcomes including additional adjustment for depression and anxiety.
| OR (95% CI) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|||||
| Co-twin control with adjustment for child psychopathologya | Alcohol Use Cutoff (AUDIT) | Any Drug Use (DUDIT) | Any Cigarette Use | Any Snuff Use | Suicide attempt/self-harm |
|
| |||||
| Sports participation (parent-reported) | 1.06 (0.93–1.21) | 0.95 (0.75–1.21) | 1.08 (0.93–1.25) | 1.17 (1.00–1.36) | 0.89 (0.76–1.05) |
| Physical activity (twin-reported) | 0.96 (0.84–1.09) | 0.87 (0.70–1.08) | 0.92 (0.81–1.06) | 0.99 (0.87–1.13) | 0.75 (0.67–0.85)** |
| Positive friendship quality (twin-reported) | 1.16 (1.04–1.29)** | 1.03 (0.86–1.23) | 1.19 (1.07–1.32)** | 1.20 (1.08–1.34)** | 0.92 (0.80–1.06) |
Note: Includes adjustment for biological sex. Based on 11,518 individuals born between 1994–1998.
*
Statistically significant at p<0.05.
**
Statistically significant at p<0.01.
a
Adjusted for ATAC summed scores for concentration/attention, impulsivity/activity, opposition, conduct, psychosis, eating, depression, and anxiety symptomology.