Table 1.

Mean amount ± standard error in ng/h of VOCs emitted by Trichoderma azevedoi CEN1241 in different growth periods

Compound	RI	Trichoderma growth time (h)
		0	24	48	72	96
Benzaldehyde	968	0.00 ± 0.00	6.74 ± 4.83	1.30 ± 0.29	0.95 ± 0.38	0.00 ± 0.00
1-Octen-3-onea	977	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00	9.08 ± 1.45	23.07 ± 5.92	0.00 ± 0.00
1-Octen-3-ol	983	6.03 ± 1.33	12.08 ± 5.02	70.87 ± 10.58	240.63 ± 65.14	748.50 ± 163.63
3-Octanone	988	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00	5.80 ± 1.19	28.33 ± 12.64	90.20 ± 15.85
3-Octanol	998	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00	4.32 ± 0.13
Octanal	1,005	2.32 ± 0.63	2.86 ± 0.40	2.26 ± 0.96	2.94 ± 1.41	3.31 ± 1.04
2-Ethylhexan-1-ol	1,030	2.50 ± 0.80	6.62 ± 1.89	7.55 ± 1.83	6.06 ± 3.28	8.30 ± 3.79
Limonene	1,033	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00	1.24 ± 0.70	1.18 ± 0.35	1.51 ± 0.77
Phenylacetaldehyde	1,049	13.18 ± 5.20	10.32 ± 6.44	4.02 ± 1.12	2.91 ± 1.49	0.00 ± 0.00
(E)-2-octen-1-ol	1,069	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00	7.93 ± 1.48	18.45 ± 7.79	0.00 ± 0.00
Undecane	1,100	0.00 ± 0.00	3.28 ± 1.16	3.30 ± 0.86	3.58 ± 1.64	3.76 ± 1.95
Nonanal	1,105	10.00 ± 3.15	18.96 ± 3.15	11.24 ± 5.18	14.65 ± 8.04	14.42 ± 7.61
Phenylethanol	1,114	0.00 ± 0.00	6.79 ± 5.15	77.79 ± 4.08	89.53 ± 52.39	0.00 ± 0.00
Carvomenthonea	1,131	0.00 ± 0.00	8.01 ± 4.34	62.63 ± 8.05	36.99 ± 16.94	58.48 ± 16.88
Dodecane	1,200	0.00 ± 0.00	2.49 ± 0.69	2.03 ± 0.39	2.24 ± 0.88	2.16 ± 1.45
Decanal	1,206	10.32 ± 3.51	15.75 ± 2.14	11.34 ± 3.85	12.31 ± 5.32	14.12 ± 6.71
Tridecane	1,300	0.00 ± 0.00	6.04 ± 5.64	2.08 ± 0.32	2.68 ± 0.19	3.16 ± 1.12
Undecanal	1,308	1.39 ± 0.46	2.22 ± 0.63	1.58 ± 0.44	1.73 ± 0.43	1.95 ± 0.69
Tetradecane	1,400	0.00 ± 0.00	2.97 ± 0.79	1.75 ± 0.47	2.13 ± 0.19	1.71 ± 0.90
Sesquiterpene 1a	1,421	0.00 ± 0.00	6.10 ± 2.75	3.48 ± 0.55	1.39 ± 0.82	0.00 ± 0.00
β-Caryophyllene	1,421	0.00 ± 0.00	3.72 ± 1.64	2.04 ± 0.33	0.87 ± 0.29	2.67 ± 0.74
β-Cedrene	1,428	0.00 ± 0.00	10.09 ± 5.56	7.54 ± 1.07	2.72 ± 1.39	1.97 ± 0.50
α-Bergamotenea	1,434	0.00 ± 0.00	1.63 ± 0.37	4.56 ± 0.37	3.60 ± 2.05	0.00 ± 0.00
Sesquiterpene 2a	1,442	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00	1.29 ± 0.21	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00
Geranylacetone	1,448	3.47 ± 1.77	0.00 ± 0.00	4.12 ± 1.17	3.40 ± 0.34	4.27 ± 0.57
α-Himachalene	1,458	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00	1.54 ± 0.24	1.50 ± 0.33	0.00 ± 0.00
Acoradienea	1,478	0.00 ± 0.00	3.04 ± 1.08	1.37 ± 0.20	1.99 ± 0.45	0.00 ± 0.00
Sesquiterpene 3a	1,484	0.00 ± 0.00	3.94 ± 2.04	3.87 ± 0.57	1.88 ± 0.65	1.58 ± 0.45
Pentadecane	1,500	0.00 ± 0.00	1.68 ± 0.64	2.44 ± 0.83	3.43 ± 1.65	2.26 ± 1.00
β-Bisabolene	1,508	0.00 ± 0.00	1.86 ± 0.67	3.52 ± 1.05	2.48 ± 0.91	1.97 ± 0.89
Sesquiterpene 4a	1,512	0.00 ± 0.00	4.79 ± 1.76	4.66 ± 0.76	2.40 ± 1.02	5.82 ± 1.63
β-Sesquiphellandrene	1,524	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00	2.69 ± 0.50	1.19 ± 0.76	0.00 ± 0.00
Hexadecane	1,599	0.00 ± 0.00	1.75 ± 0.52	1.29 ± 0.08	1.24 ± 0.05	1.26 ± 0.37
Methyl dihydrojasmonatea	1,649	0.00 ± 0.00	2.68 ± 0.85	1.64 ± 0.53	1.44 ± 0.16	1.23 ± 0.22
1-Isopropyl-1-Isopropyl-4,8-dimethylspiro[4.5]dec-8-en-7-ola	1,669	0.00 ± 0.00	21.20 ± 4.34	13.20 ± 5.58	2.78 ± 2.15	0.00 ± 0.00
1-Isopropyl-4,8-dimethylspiro[4.5]dec-8-en-7-onea	1,690	0.00 ± 0.00	7.82 ± 1.84	8.19 ± 3.49	3.97 ± 1.67	14.06 ± 3.11
Heptadecane	1,700	0.00 ± 0.00	1.70 ± 0.20	0.72 ± 0.23	0.56 ± 0.10	0.56 ± 0.06
Total VOCs	-	49.25 ± 14.62 d	177.27 ± 45.29 c	352.10 ± 27.86 b	527.34 ± 153.20 b	993.68 ± 222.60 a

The volatiles were collected for a period of 4 h.

Values followed by the same letter in the columns do not differ, according to the Tukey’s test (P ≤ 0.05), with Holm adjustment.

VOC, volatile organic compound; RI, Retention Index calculated with a DB-5MS column.

^aTentatively identified compound.