Table 1.
Primer and probe sequences used to detect viral pathogens.
| No. | Target | Primer | Sequence (5′ → 3′) | Target gene | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | SBV | SBV-F | AGAAGACATTTGATACAGTGGACTC | Polyprotein gene, 131 bp | This study |
| SBV-R | GGAATTCCAGATTCTTCGTCCAC | ||||
| Probe | FAM–GATTTGTTTAATGGTTGGGTTTCTGGTA–BHQ-1 | ||||
| 2 | DWV | DWV-F | TTCAACTCGGCTTTCTACGG | Polyprotein gene, 170 bp | This study |
| DWV-R | GTGTCTTTTTCTCTTTCTGACACC | ||||
| Probe | ROX-ATGTCAACATTGGTATGCTCCGTTGAC-BHQ-2 | ||||
| 3 | BQCV | BQCV-F | CCTTTGGCAATAGAACAAATACC | Capsid, 143 bp | This study |
| BQCV-R | GTGGCTATATCGAGATTATTCCG | ||||
| Probe | Cy5-AGTCGCAGAGTTCCAAATACCGTACTATG-BHQ-3 | ||||
| 4 | ABPV | ABPV-F | TGCCCTATTTAGGGTGAGGAG | Capsid, 239 bp | This study |
| ABPV-R | GGAGTTTCCACATCATGAAAGG | ||||
| Probe | FAM-CTCTGAAGAAAACTCAGTTGAAACGGAAC-BHQ-1 | ||||
| 5 | KBV | KBV-F | ACCAGGAAGTATTCCCATGGTAAG | Capsid, 79 bp | This study |
| KBV-R | TGGAGCTATGGTTCCGTTCAG | ||||
| Probe | HEX-CCGCAGATAACTTAGGACCAGATCAATCACA-BHQ-1 | ||||
| 6 | IAPV | IAPV-F | TGCCCTATTTAGGGTGAGGAG | Capsid, 245 bp | This study |
| IAPV-R | GGAGTTTCCACATCATGAAAGG | ||||
| Probe | ROX-ACTAGTGAGAACTCGGTTGAGACCCAAG-BHQ-2 | ||||
| 7 | CBPV | CBPV-F | CGCAAGTACGCCTTGATAAAGAAC | RdRp, 101 bp | This study |
| CBPV-R | ACTACTAGAAACTCGTCGCTTCG | ||||
| Probe | Cy5-TCAAGAACGAGACCACCGCCAGTTC-BHQ-3 |
Abbreviations: ABPV: acute bee paralysis virus; BQCV: black queen cell virus; CBPV: chronic bee paralysis virus; DWV: deformed wing virus; IAPV: Israeli acute paralysis virus; KBV: Kashmir bee virus; SBV: sacbrood virus.