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. 2023 Jan 2;13(2):735–746. doi: 10.21037/qims-22-475

Table 3. Comparisons of the histogram parameters between benign and malignant breast lesions in ss-EPI and rs-EPI sequence.

Variables ss-EPI rs-EPI
Benign lesions Malignant lesions P Benign lesions Malignant lesions P
Histogram Kapp
   Mean 0.77±0.19 0.98±0.14 <0.01 0.65±0.19 0.89±0.14 <0.01
   25th 0.72±0.17 0.89±0.14 <0.01 0.59±0.18 0.80±0.14 <0.01
   50th 0.77±0.19 0.98±0.16 <0.01 0.66±0.19 0.89±0.16 <0.01
   75th 0.82±0.22 1.08±0.20 <0.01 0.72±0.20 0.98±0.20 <0.01
   100th 1.04±0.34 1.41±0.73 <0.01 0.92±0.30 1.31±0.43 <0.01
   Skewness −0.24±1.20 −0.01±1.10 0.03 −0.43±1.06 0.01±1.15 <0.01
   Kurtosis 5.13±3.82 4.53±3.28 0.29 5.18±2.85 4.93±4.34 0.43
Histogram Dapp
   Mean 1.68±0.39 1.21±0.28 <0.01 1.66±0.34 1.23±0.27 <0.01
   25th 1.57±0.39 1.06±0.26 <0.01 1.54±0.35 1.08±0.23 <0.01
   50th 1.67±0.39 1.18±0.28 <0.01 1.65±0.35 1.20±0.26 <0.01
   75th 1.78±0.39 1.34±0.32 <0.01 1.77±0.35 1.35±0.31 <0.01
   100th 2.27±0.63 1.90±0.50 <0.01 2.36±0.57 1.89±0.49 <0.01
   Skewness 0.40±0.78 0.80±0.85 <0.01 0.48±0.84 0.73±0.71 <0.01
   Kurtosis 4.32±2.45 4.29±2.55 0.48 4.63±3.14 3.95±1.93 0.07

Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. ss-EPI, single-shot echo-planar imaging; rs-EPI, readout-segmented echo planar imaging; Kapp, apparent diffusional kurtosis; Dapp, apparent diffusion for non-Gaussian distribution.