Table 1. Demographics, Medical History, and Medication Use of Enrolled Patients by Screening Result and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Status.
| Characteristic | Overall (N = 4325)a | No clinically significant COPD (n = 4215)a,b | Clinically significant COPD (n = 110)b | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Negative screening result (n = 3793) | Positive screening result (n = 532) | Negative screening result (n = 3736) | Positive screening result (n = 479) | Negative screening result (n = 57)a | Positive screening result (n = 53)c | |
| Demographics | ||||||
| Age, mean (SD), y | 61.6 (9.1) | 61.4 (9.3) | 61.6 (9.1) | 61.1 (9.2) | 65.3 (8.6) | 64.1 (9.8) |
| Sex, No. (%)d | ||||||
| Female | 2373 (62.6) | 352 (66.2) | 2350 (62.9) | 322 (67.2) | 23 (40.4) | 30 (56.6) |
| Male | 1420 (37.4) | 180 (33.8) | 1386 (37.1) | 157 (32.8) | 34 (59.6) | 23 (43.4) |
| Race, No. (%) | ||||||
| Black or African American | 972 (25.6) | 192 (36.1) | 955 (25.6) | 176 (36.7) | 17 (29.8) | 16 (30.2) |
| White | 2415 (63.7) | 274 (51.5) | 2381 (63.8) | 241 (50.3) | 34 (59.6) | 33 (62.3) |
| Do not know or prefer not to answer | 255 (6.7) | 32 (6.0) | 253 (6.8) | 30 (6.3) | 2 (3.5) | 2 (3.8) |
| Othere | 148 (3.9) | 34 (6.4) | 144 (3.9) | 32 (6.7) | 4 (7.0) | 2 (3.8) |
| Ethnicity, No. (%) | ||||||
| Hispanic or Latino | 504 (13.3) | 49 (9.2) | 501 (13.4) | 46 (9.6) | 3 (5.3) | 3 (5.7) |
| Non-Hispanic or Non-Latino | 3196 (84.3) | 458 (86.3) | 3142 (84.2) | 409 (85.6) | 54 (94.7) | 49 (92.5) |
| Do not know or prefer not to answer | 90 (2.4) | 24 (4.5) | 90 (2.4) | 23 (4.8) | 0 | 1 (1.9) |
| Body mass index ≥30, No. (%)f | 1856 (48.9) | 303 (57.0) | 1832 (49.0) | 275 (57.4) | 24 (42.1) | 28 (52.8) |
| Education, No. (%) | ||||||
| Less than high school | 327 (8.6) | 86 (16.2) | 320 (8.6) | 78 (16.3) | 7 (12.3) | 8 (15.1) |
| High school or GED | 837 (22.1) | 157 (29.5) | 827 (22.2) | 138 (28.8) | 10 (17.5) | 19 (35.8) |
| Vocational school or some college | 914 (24.2) | 148 (27.8) | 900 (24.2) | 136 (28.4) | 14 (24.6) | 12 (22.6) |
| College degree | 1039 (27.5) | 101 (19.0) | 1024 (27.5) | 94 (19.6) | 15 (26.3) | 7 (13.2) |
| Professional or graduate degree | 664 (17.6) | 40 (7.5) | 653 (17.5) | 33 (6.9) | 11 (19.3) | 7 (13.2) |
| Employment, No. (%) | ||||||
| Working part-time or full-time | 1753 (46.3) | 182 (34.3) | 1736 (46.5) | 165 (34.5) | 17 (29.8) | 17 (32.7) |
| Not working for reason other than disability | 1644 (43.4) | 214 (40.4) | 1609 (43.1) | 187 (39.1) | 35 (61.4) | 27 (51.9) |
| Not working due to disability | 390 (10.3) | 134 (25.3) | 385 (10.3) | 126 (26.4) | 5 (8.8) | 8 (15.4) |
| Health insurance, No. (%) | ||||||
| Private only | 1444 (38.1) | 120 (22.6) | 1431 (38.3) | 112 (23.4) | 13 (22.8) | 8 (15.1) |
| Public only | 1320 (34.8) | 267 (50.2) | 1294 (34.6) | 241 (50.3) | 26 (45.6) | 26 (49.1) |
| Both public and private | 870 (22.9) | 111 (20.9) | 853 (22.8) | 95 (19.8) | 17 (29.8) | 16 (30.2) |
| None | 110 (2.9) | 22 (4.1) | 109 (2.9) | 19 (4.0) | 1 (1.8) | 3 (5.7) |
| Other or do not know | 49 (1.3) | 12 (2.3) | 49 (1.3) | 12 (2.5) | 0 | 0 |
| Medical history and medication use | ||||||
| Asthma history and respiratory medication use, No. (%) | ||||||
| No asthma history | 3350 (88.4) | 370 (69.8) | 3312 (88.8) | 340 (71.1) | 38 (66.7) | 30 (57.7) |
| Not using respiratory medications | 3228 (85.2) | 299 (56.4) | 3197 (85.7) | 278 (58.2) | 31 (54.4) | 21 (40.4) |
| Using ≥1 respiratory medications | 122 (3.2) | 71 (13.4) | 115 (3.1) | 62 (13.0) | 7 (12.3) | 9 (17.3) |
| Asthma history | 438 (11.6) | 161 (30.3) | 419 (11.2) | 138 (28.9) | 19 (33.3) | 22 (42.3) |
| Not using any respiratory medications | 174 (4.6) | 41 (7.7) | 171 (4.6) | 37 (7.7) | 3 (5.3) | 4 (7.7) |
| Using short-acting bronchodilator | 126 (3.3) | 47 (8.9) | 120 (3.2) | 41 (8.6) | 6 (10.5) | 6 (11.5) |
| Using daily inhaled respiratory medication | 138 (3.6) | 72 (13.6) | 128 (3.4) | 60 (12.6) | 10 (17.5) | 12 (23.1) |
| Cardiac comorbidity, No. (%)g | 332 (8.8) | 98 (18.5) | 317 (8.5) | 86 (18.0) | 15 (26.3) | 12 (23.1) |
| Cigarette smoking, No. (%) | ||||||
| Never | 2178 (57.5) | 213 (40.2) | 2158 (57.8) | 194 (40.6) | 20 (35.1) | 19 (36.5) |
| Former | 1175 (31.0) | 184 (34.7) | 1150 (30.8) | 162 (33.9) | 25 (43.9) | 22 (42.3) |
| Current | 435 (11.5) | 133 (25.1) | 423 (11.3) | 122 (25.5) | 12 (21.1) | 11 (21.2) |
| Short-acting bronchodilator, No. (%) | 323 (8.5) | 170 (32.0) | 304 (8.1) | 144 (30.1) | 19 (33.3) | 26 (49.1) |
| Respiratory maintenance, No. (%) | ||||||
| None | 3613 (95.3) | 434 (81.7) | 3570 (95.6) | 396 (82.8) | 43 (75.4) | 38 (71.7) |
| Long-acting β-agonist and inhaled corticosteroid | 111 (2.9) | 55 (10.4) | 100 (2.7) | 48 (10.0) | 11 (19.3) | 7 (13.2) |
| Inhaled corticosteroid alone | 57 (1.5) | 29 (5.5) | 55 (1.5) | 26 (5.4) | 2 (3.5) | 3 (5.7) |
| Other combination of inhaled corticosteroid, long-acting β-agonist, and long-acting muscarinic agonist | 10 (0.3) | 13 (2.4) | 9 (0.2) | 8 (1.7) | 1 (1.8) | 5 (9.4) |
Abbreviation: GED, General Educational Development test (a high school equivalency credential).
Data were missing for less than 0.5% of patients in each column.
COPD was defined by a postbronchodilator ratio of forced expiratory volume in the first second of expiration to forced vital capacity (FEV1:FVC) less than 0.70 or a prebronchodilator FEV1:FVC less than 0.65 in patients who did not complete postbronchodilator spirometry, and was considered clinically significant if the patient also had either 1 or more acute respiratory illnesses within the past 12 months or an FEV1 less than 60% of the predicted value.
Data were missing for 1 patient in this column.
Selected by patients from a list of fixed categories (male or female).
American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, or multiple race categories.
Calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared.
Angina (heart or chest pain), coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass graft surgery, angioplasty or cardiac stents, or congestive heart failure.