Table 2. Primary Outcomes of Myopia Incidence and Participants With Fast Myopic Shift Over 2 Years.
| Follow-up | No./total No. (%) | P value | Difference (95% CI), % | P valuec | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.05% Atropine | 0.01% Atropine | Placebo | For trenda | For trend (adjusted)b | 0.05% Atropine vs 0.01% atropine | 0.05% Atropine vs placebo | 0.01% Atropine vs placebo | 0.05% Atropine vs 0.01% atropine | 0.05% Atropine vs placebo | 0.01% Atropine vs placebo | |
| Cumulative myopia incidence (defined as spherical equivalent ≤−0.50 D) | |||||||||||
| 4 mo | 1/138 (0.7) | 4/127 (3.1) | 8/130 (6.2) | .02 | .01 | 2.4 (−1.1 to 7.2) | 5.4 (1.4 to 11.0) | 3.0 (−2.5 to 8.9) | .15 | .01 | .25 |
| 8 mo | 8/132 (6.1) | 20/131 (15.3) | 21/120 (17.5) | .007 | .001 | 9.2 (1.8 to 17.1) | 11.4 (3.7 to 19.9) | 2.2 (−7.0 to 11.7) | .02 | .004 | .63 |
| 12 mo | 13/136 (9.6) | 35/139 (25.2) | 39/128 (30.5) | <.001 | <.001 | 15.6 (6.9 to 24.5) | 20.9 (11.6 to 30.4) | 5.3 (−5.4 to 16.0) | <.001 | <.001 | .33 |
| 16 mo | 23/124 (18.5) | 43/132 (32.6) | 44/124 (35.5) | .004 | .001 | 14.0 (3.4 to 24.4) | 16.9 (6.0 to 27.7) | 2.9 (−8.7 to 14.5) | .01 | .003 | .62 |
| 20 mod | 26/95 (27.4) | 36/92 (39.1) | 38/88 (43.2) | .03 | .01 | 11.8 (−1.7 to 24.9) | 15.8 (2.0 to 29.2) | 4.1 (−10.3 to 18.2) | .09 | .03 | .58 |
| 24 mo | 33/116 (28.4) | 56/122 (45.9) | 61/115 (53.0) | <.001 | <.001 | 17.5 (5.2 to 29.2) | 24.6 (12.0 to 36.4) | 7.1 (−5.6 to 19.6) | .005 | <.001 | .27 |
| Participants with fast myopic shift (defined as spherical equivalent myopic shift ≥0.50 D over the first 12 mo and ≥1.00 D over 24 mo) | |||||||||||
| 12 mo | 39/136 (28.7) | 68/139 (48.9) | 81/128 (63.3) | <.001 | <.001 | 20.2 (8.8 to 31.2) | 34.6 (22.9 to 45.3) | 14.4 (2.4 to 25.9) | <.001 | <.001 | .02 |
| 24 mo | 29/116 (25.0) | 55/122 (45.1) | 62/115 (53.9) | <.001 | <.001 | 20.1 (8.0 to 31.6) | 28.9 (16.5 to 40.5) | 8.8 (−3.9 to 21.3) | .001 | <.001 | .17 |
a
P values for trend were calculated via logistic regression without adjustment.
b
Adjusted P values for trend were calculated via logistic regression with adjustment of baseline age, sex, baseline spherical equivalent/axial length, outdoor time, near work time, and parental myopia.
c
P values were calculated by exact unconditional methods based on the Farrington-Manning score statistic.
d
A proportion of participants did not attend the 20-month visit because of infection control restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic.