Table 1.
Characteristics of participants at study entry (n = 115 601)a
| Value | |
|---|---|
| Age, years, mean (s.d.) | 64.3 (9.9) |
| Gender, n (%) | |
| Men | 52 858 (45.7) |
| Women | 62 743 (54.3) |
| Body mass index, kg/m2, n (%) | |
| Underweight (<18.5 kg/m2) | 1239 (1.1) |
| Normal (18.5–<25 kg/m2) | 40 602 (35.1) |
| Overweight (25–<30 kg/m2) | 47 683 (41.3) |
| Obese (≥30 kg/m2) | 23 396 (20.2) |
| Missing | 2681 (2.3) |
| Education,b n (%) | |
| None | 4781 (4.1) |
| Primary | 21 374 (18.5) |
| Lower secondary | 20 889 (18.1) |
| Upper secondary | 38 699 (33.5) |
| Post-secondary non-tertiary | 4905 (4.2) |
| First stage of tertiary | 23 437 (20.3) |
| Second stage of tertiary | 839 (0.7) |
| Other | 475 (0.4) |
| Missing | 202 (0.2) |
| Current smoking habit, n (%) | |
| No | 65 913 (57.0) |
| Yes | 31 890 (27.6) |
| Missing | 17 798 (15.4) |
| Alcohol consumption, n (%) | |
| Almost every day | 18429 (15.9) |
| Five or six days a week | 2973 (2.6) |
| Three or four days a week | 7423 (6.4) |
| Once or twice a week | 20 771 (18.0) |
| Once or twice a month | 14 492 (12.5) |
| Less than once a month | 10 722 (9.3) |
| Not at all in the last 6 months | 36 369 (31.5) |
| Missing | 4422 (3.8) |
| Living with a partner/spouse, n (%) | |
| No | 28 171 (24.4) |
| Yes | 87 430 (75.6) |
| Number of chronic diseases, mean (s.d.) | 1.6 (1.5) |
| Missing | 143 (0.1) |
| Prescribed drug consumption, n (%) | |
| No | 81 140 (70.2) |
| Yes | 34 294 (29.7) |
| Missing | 167 (0.1) |
| Fruits and vegetables consumption, n (%) | |
| Every day | 64 529 (55.8) |
| 3–6 times a week | 15756 (13.6) |
| Twice a week | 3625 (3.1) |
| Once a week | 1239 (1.1) |
| Less than once a week | 820 (0.7) |
| Missing | 29 632 (25.6) |
| Physical inactivity, n (%) | |
| No | 92 937 (80.4) |
| Yes | 10 009 (8.7) |
| Missing | 12 655 (11.0) |
| Country, n (%) | |
| Austria | 5947 (5.1) |
| Belgium | 8811 (7.6) |
| Bulgaria | 1944 (1.7) |
| Croatia | 2562 (2.2) |
| Czech Republic | 7676 (6.6) |
| Denmark | 5421 (4.7) |
| Estonia | 7158 (6.2) |
| Finland | 1975 (1.7) |
| France | 7238 (6.3) |
| Germany | 7912 (6.8) |
| Greece | 5550 (4.8) |
| Hungary | 2417 (2.1) |
| Ireland | 825 (0.7) |
| Israel | 3412 (3.0) |
| Italy | 7525 (6.5) |
| Luxembourg | 1897 (1.6) |
| Netherlands | 5618 (4.9) |
| Poland | 4261 (3.7) |
| Portugal | 1901 (1.6) |
| Romania | 2055 (1.8) |
| Slovenia | 5089 (4.4) |
| Spain | 7937 (6.9) |
| Switzerland | 4307 (3.7) |
| Sweden | 6163 (5.3) |
| Handgrip strength (kg), mean (s.d.) | 34.3 (12.1) |
| Handgrip strength (kg), n (%) | |
| Third 1 | 39 787 (34.4) |
| Third 2 | 39 079 (33.8) |
| Third 3 | 34 602 (29.9) |
| Missing | 2133 (1.9) |
a.
Missing values were imputed.
b.
Based on International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) 1997.