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. 2023 Jan 31;11(2):113. doi: 10.21037/atm-22-6338

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2023 Annals of Translational Medicine. All rights reserved.

Open Access Statement: This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits the non-commercial replication and distribution of the article with the strict proviso that no changes or edits are made and the original work is properly cited (including links to both the formal publication through the relevant DOI and the license). See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0.

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The changes of pulmonary function and airway inflammation after GDNF/anti-GDNF microinjections. (A) Microinjection into the lateral ventricle; (B) changes of RF and MVV after microinjection; (C) changes of T_E/T_I, R_aw, and C_dyn after microinjection; (D) changes of IFN-γ, IL-4, and Th₁/Th₂ ratio in BALF. *, P<0.05; **, P<0.01. n=6 per group. AP, anterior-posterior; RL, right-left; H, height; RF, respiration frequency; NS, normal saline; GDNF, glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor; MVV, maximum voluntary ventilation; T_E/T_I, expiratory time course/inspiratory time course ratio; R_aw, airway resistance; C_dyn, dynamic pulmonary compliance; BALF, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid; IFN-γ, interferon-γ; IL-4, interleukin-4; Th, T helper.