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. 2023 Feb 11;61(1):427–436. doi: 10.1080/13880209.2023.2174145

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© 2023 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 3. — Sanziguben polysaccharides (SZP) inhibited the inflammatory factors, altered the protein levels of the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway and kidney barrier in kidney tissues. (A) Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), (B) interleukin (IL)-18 and (C) IL-1β levels in kidney were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (n = 6, mean ± SD). Expression of (D) TLR4, (E) the ratio of NF-κB p-p65 to NF-κB p65, (F) NLRP3, (G) ASC, (H) caspase-1, evaluated by western blot analysis (n = 3, mean ± SD). Representative immunohistochemistry (IHC) result for (I) TLR4, (G) NLRP3, (K) ZO-1, (L) occludin (n = 3, mean ± SD). ^##p< 0.01, ^###p< 0.001 vs. NC group; *p< 0.05, **p< 0.01, ***p< 0.001 vs. diabetic nephropathy (DN) group.