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. 2022 Mar 15;30(1):46–61. doi: 10.38212/2224-6614.3395

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This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

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Fig. 4 — Effect of Ulva prolifera polysaccharide on short-chain fatty acid concentration and gut microbiota composition analysis.

A) Acetate, B) propionate, and C) butyrate were quantified in the colons of chow-fed and high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice after 15 weeks of treatment. D) Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) demonstrates distinct colon microbial composition in the different groups. Each data point represents one sample and each color represents each group (percent variation explained by each PLS is shown in parameters). E) 16s rRNA gene sequencing analysis of colon contents at the phylum level. F) Variability in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio in the gut microbiota. G) Box plot of 16s rRNA gene sequencing analysis of colon contents at the genus level. Data are expressed as mean ± SD. The statistical significance of differences among the five groups were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Duncan’s multiple range tests. Symbols indicates significant differences compared to the HFD group, *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01.

Fig. 4 — Effect of Ulva prolifera polysaccharide on short-chain fatty acid concentration and gut microbiota composition analysis.

A) Acetate, B) propionate, and C) butyrate were quantified in the colons of chow-fed and high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice after 15 weeks of treatment. D) Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) demonstrates distinct colon microbial composition in the different groups. Each data point represents one sample and each color represents each group (percent variation explained by each PLS is shown in parameters). E) 16s rRNA gene sequencing analysis of colon contents at the phylum level. F) Variability in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio in the gut microbiota. G) Box plot of 16s rRNA gene sequencing analysis of colon contents at the genus level. Data are expressed as mean ± SD. The statistical significance of differences among the five groups were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Duncan’s multiple range tests. Symbols indicates significant differences compared to the HFD group, *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01.