Table 3.

Main findings of gut microbial populations changing associated with hyperuricemia.

Subjects’ Characteristics	Implicated microbiota	References
Participants with gout (Chinese)	Bacteroides caccae ↑/Bacteroides xylanisolvens ↑/Faecalibacterium prausnitzii ↓/ Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum ↓	[12]
Male participants with gout (Ukraine)	Bifidobacterium spp. ↓/Eubacterium spp. ↓/Fusobacterium spp. ↑/Veilonella spp. ↑/Peptostreptococcus spp. ↑/Bacteroides spp. ↑	[59]
Male Wistar rats (high-purine-induced hyperuricemia)	genus Vallitalea ↑/genus Christensenella ↑/genus Insolitispirillum ↑/genus Prevotella ↓/genus Anaerovibrio ↓/genus Alloprevotella ↓/genus Barnesiella ↓	[14]
Uox-knockout hyperuricemia mice (C57BL/6J)	Firmicutes ↓/Bacteroides ↑/Akkermansia ↓/Ruminococcus ↓	[60]
Male Sprague-Dawley rats (HFD-induced hyperuricemia)	genus Bacteroides ↑/genus Lactococcus ↑/genus Dorea ↑/genus Proteus ↑/genus Morganella ↑/genus Allobaculm ↑/genus Prevotella ↓/genus Lactobacillus ↓/genus Streptococcus ↓/genus Clostridium ↓/genus Ruminococcus ↓/genus Anaeroplasma ↓	[61]