Fig. 2. The cross-talk among microglia, astrocytes, and neurons.
The cross-talk between microglia and astrocytes includes neurotransmitters, ligand-receptor binding, soluble mediators, transcriptional regulatory factors, and EVs. EVs carrying miRNAs and α-synuclein can be transported among microglia, astrocytes, and neurons. The neuroinflammatory signals and corresponding mechanisms that lead to neurotoxicity have been shown.
