Table 1.
Comparisons of Patient Characteristics, Baseline Functions, and Surgical Parameters between Patients with and without Postoperative Delirium.
| Variable | Total
(n=106) |
With delirium
(n=12) |
Without delirium
(n=94) |
P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (year) | 71.6±5.9 | 77.3±5.0 | 71.0±5.7 | <0.001 |
| Sex (male) | 65 (61) | 8 (67) | 57 (60) | 0.763 |
| BMI | 24.3±4.0 | 24.5±3.8 | 24.3±4.1 | 0.933 |
| CIRS Comorbidity Score | 8.2±4.0 | 10.5±4.8 | 8.0±4.0 | 0.048 |
| Number of medications | 6 (4–10) | 10 (6–12) | 6 (4–9) | 0.027 |
| Psychoactive medication use | 30 (28) | 6 (50) | 24 (26) | 0.076 |
| ASA PS classification | ||||
| ASA I | 4 (4) | 0 (0) | 4 (4) | 0.291 |
| ASA II | 76 (72) | 7 (58) | 69 (73) | |
| ASA III | 26 (24) | 5 (42) | 21 (22) | |
| Mini-Cog score | 3.8±1.1 | 2.9±0.9 | 3.9±1.1 | 0.006 |
| EQ-5D-3L | 0.56±0.18 | 0.58±0.05 | 0.56±0.19 | 0.804 |
| Surgical lesion | ||||
| Cervical spine | 35 (33) | 5 (42) | 30 (32) | 0.771 |
| Thoracic spine | 8 (8) | 1 (8) | 7 (7) | |
| Lumbar spine | 63 (59) | 6 (50) | 57 (61) | |
| Operative time (min) | 188.5±124.1 | 195.5±117.5 | 187.7±125.5 | 0.845 |
| Bleeding volume (mL) | 458.7±676.2 | 275.9±284.3 | 481.3±707.5 | 0.345 |
| Length of hospital stay (day) | 27.0±12.5 | 35.2±13.1 | 26.0±12.1 | 0.019 |
Data are shown as mean±standard deviation, number (%), or median (interquartile range). *P values were calculated using unpaired t-test for means, Fischer’s exact test for proportions, or Wilcoxon signed-rank test for medians. BMI, body mass index; CIRS, Cumulative Illness Rating Scale; ASA PS, American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status; EQ-5D-3L, EuroQol 5 Dimensions 3-level version