Table 2.
Comparison of Metabolic Markers, Aerobic Capacity and Risk Factors Before and After the Home-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation Program Performed in either the Morning or Evening by Patients with Myocardial Infraction
| Metabolic markers & risk factors | Time | Control groups |
Experimental groups |
Pc | Pd | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | After 8-week CR | Pa | Baseline | After 8-week HCRP | Pb | ||||
| Cho (mg/dl) | Morning | 177.6±44.44 | 185.6±41.42 | 0.07 | 177.6±44.36 | 173.25±50.11 | 0.47 | 0.65 | < 0.001*** |
| Evening | 190.40±63.19 | 188.10±36.50 | 0.83 | 203.2±54.36 | 145.75±26.68 | < 0.001*** | |||
| TG (mg/dl) | Morning | 192.20 ± 64.20 | 213.15±96.86 | 0.19 | 203.55±81.93 | 167.35±49.58 | 0.05* | 0.60 | 0.002** |
| Evening | 184.30±78.78 | 197.95±70.96 | 0.87 | 209.75±75.28 | 135.55±36.15 | < 0.001*** | |||
| HDL (mg/dl) | Morning | 37.8±7.35 | 39.65±8.18 | 0.33 | 35.65±6.06 | 39.10±4.55 | 0.05* | 0.57 | < 0.001*** |
| Evening | 38±8.32 | 40.5±9.39 | 0.08 | 35.35±6.34 | 43.30±7.37 | < 0.001*** | |||
| LDL (mg/dl) | Morning | 104.30±51.04 | 108.90±50.75 | 0.16 | 101.40±38.47 | 108.05±35.95 | 0.17 | 0.55 | < 0.001*** |
| Evening | 113.05±47.17 | 109.05±31.78 | 0.57 | 110.05±45.05 | 89.60±21.59 | < 0.001*** | |||
| VO2max (ml/kg/ml) | Morning | 34.67±7.96 | 33.19±9.22 | 0.08 | 33.01±7.23 | 36.04±8.77 | 0.05* | 0.52 | < 0.001*** |
| Evening | 31.80±9.48 | 32.76±9.49 | 0.21 | 28.67±7.21 | 38.96±7.42 | < 0.001*** | |||
| CRP (mg/dl) | Morning | 0.40±0.50 | 0.40±0.59 | > 0.999 | 0.35 ±0.58 | 0.50 ±0.60 | 0.37 | 0.77 | 0.001** |
| Evening | 0.35±0.48 | 0.30±0.47 | 0.66 | 0.35±0.48 | 0.15 ± 0.36 | 0.04* | |||
| MPV (fl) | Morning | 9.46±1.18 | 9.73±1.51 | 0.26 | 10.20±1.08 | 9.40±0.98 | < 0.001*** | 0.17 | < 0.001*** |
| Evening | 9.19±0.92 | 9.35±1.11 | 0.57 | 10.05±1.11 | 8.76±0.78 | < 0.001*** | |||
| cTnI (Ng/ml) | Morning | 0.10±0.00 | 0.10±0.00 | > 0.999 | 0.10±0.00 | 0.10±0.00 | > 0.999 | > 0.999 | > 0.999 |
| Evening | 0.10±.00 | 0.10±0.00 | > 0.999 | 0.10±0.00 | 0.10±0.00 | > 0.999 | |||
Mean ± standard deviation (SD) was reported
Cho: Cholesterol; TG: Triglyceride; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; LDL: low density lipoprotein; VO2max: Maximum oxygen consumption; CRP: C-reactive protein; MPV: Mean platelet volume; cTnI: Troponin I; HCRP: home-based cardiac rehabilitation program
*Significant difference: P ≤ 0.05. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001; Pa = P Value for comparison of control groups, and Pb = P Value for comparison of experimental groups using paired t-test between before and after the intervention; Pc = P Value for comparison of morning and evening control groups after 8 weeks of CR, and Pd = P Value for comparison of morning and evening experimental groups after 8 weeks HCRP using ANCOVA with baseline variable adjusted