Table 2.
Metformin dose, time post-dose for sample procurement, and blood and tissue concentrations.
| Subject ID | Metformin dose and schedule; formulation | Metformin daily dose | Subject on metformin at time of enrollment | Duration of metformin treatment for T2DM (yr) | Time from last metformin dose to surgery (h) | Plasma metformin conc. (ng/mL) | Whole blood metformin conc. (ng/mL) | Derived intracellular metformin conc. (ng/mL) | Lung tumor tissue metformin conc. (ng/g) | Normal lung tissue metformin conc. (ng/g) | Adipose tissue metformin conc. (ng/g) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | 500 mg QD; ER | 500 mg | Y | 1.97 | 26.6 | 18 ± 1.4 | 175 ± 13.2 | 157 ± 3.8 | 212 ± 9.9 | 230 ± 19.4 | <LLOQ |
| 12 | 500 mg QD, ER | 500 mg | Y | 7.03 | 24.4 | 459 ± 27.8 | 514 ± 55.4 | 55 ± 9.1 | 1290 ± 29.5 | 1126 ± 46.1 | 186 ± 15.4 |
| 14 | 500 mg QD, SR | 500 mg | Y | 0.24 | 29.0 | 25 ± 7.7 | 84 ± 14.1 | 59 ± 4.7 | 145 ± 7.2 | 330 ± 38.3 | <LLOQ |
| 6 | 500 mg BID; SR | 1000 mg | Y | 2.84 | 15.3 | <LLOQ | 41 ± 4.9 | n/a | 40 ± 1.4 | 44 ± 2.2 | <LLOQ |
| 11 | 500 mg BID; SR | 1000 mg | Y | 3.57 | 24.3 | 127 ± 13.8 | 241 ± 28.6 | 114 ± 6.5 | n/a | 596 ± 33.3 | 70 ± 1.9 |
| 8 | 1000 mg QD; SR | 1000 mg | Y | 0.04 | 20.9 | 442 ± 39.5 | 1285 ± 29.1 | 843 ± 8.3 | 1725 ± 65.8 | 2269 ± 89.1 | 111 ± 2.4 |
| 5 | 750 mg BID; ER | 1500 mg | N | --- | 16.5 | 76 ± 2.3 | 267 ± 5.9 | 191 ± 2.9 | 1344 ± 106.2 | 376 ± 10.5 | 45 ± 1.9 |
| 7 | 1000 mg BID; ER | 2000 mg | Y | 5.35 | 23.6 | <LLOQ | 89 ± 2.3 | n/a | 33 ± 1.0 | 63 ± 2.9 | <LLOQ |
| 3 | 1000 mg BID; SR | 2000 mg | Y | 7.63 | 14.8 | 474 ± 21.3 | 1192 ± 47.8 | 718 ± 8.3 | 1799 ± 69.3 | 1427 ± 110.8 | 210 ± 4.1 |
| 4 | 1000 mg BID; SR | 2000 mg | Y | 14.06 | n/a | 272 ± 23.6 | 869 ± 31.7 | 597 ± 7.4 | 737 ± 26.3 | 902 ± 19.9 | n/a |
| 9 | 1000 mg BID; SR | 2000 mg | Y | 1.30 | 14.0 | 2005 ± 127.0 | 2243 ± 215.2 | 238 ± 18.5 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| 10 | 1000 mg BID; SR | 2000 mg | Y | n/a | n/a | 604 ± 23.2 | 588 ± 41.8 | n/a | 4445 ± 164.5 | 1492 ± 95.8 | 247 ± 4.5 |
| 13 | 1000 mg BID; SR | 2000 mg | Y | 9.09 | n/a | 6179 ± 352.0 | 4238 ± 608.8 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| 1 | 1500 mg in AM, 1000 mg in PM; SR | 2500 mg | Y | 3.09 | 21.5 | 719 ± 48.2 | 2093 ± 50.1 | 1374 ± 9.9 | 3365 ± 93.5 | 3013 ± 75.0 | 285 ± 9.9 |
| 15 | 0 mg | 0 mg | N | --- | --- | <LLOQ | <LLOQ | n/a | n/a | <LLOQ | <LLOQ |
Subjects are grouped are rows are shaded by daily dose. Metformin concentrations (conc.) are presented as mean ± SD. Derived intracellular metformin conc. was calculated as the difference between blood and plasma conc. QD- once daily; BID- twice daily; SR- standard release; ER- extended release; AM- morning; PM- evening; n/a- specimen or data not available/calculable; Y- yes; N- no; LLOQ- lower limit of quantification.