Table 3.
Comparison of patient- and hospital-related data of all matched patients, the epi-VAC group, and the control group after matching
| Variable | Total (n = 92) | Epi-VAC (n = 46) | Control group (n = 46) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean age (years) | 68 ± 13.39 | 68.1 ± 13.5 | 67.9 ± 13.42 | 0.98 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 29.27 ± 6.16 | 29.1 ± 6.12 | 29.43 ± 6.26 | 0.9 |
| Male (%) | 60.9 | 54.3 | 67.4 | 0.18 |
| ASA score | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 1 |
| Diabetes mellitus (%) | 37 | 41.3 | 32.6 | 0.42 |
| Insulin-dependent (%) | 20.7 | 21.7 | 19.6 | 1 |
| Oral antidiabetics (%) | 12 | 8.7 | 15.2 | 0.39 |
| Pressure ulcer (%) | 8.7 | 13 | 4.3 | 0.13 |
| Nicotine abuse (%) | 20.7 | 21.7 | 19.6 | 1 |
| Systemic cortisone therapy (%) | 12 | 8.7 | 15.2 | 0.55 |
| Peripheral arterial disease (PAVD) (%) | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 1 |
| Coronary artery disease (CAD) (%) | 14.1 | 13 | 15.2 | 1 |
| Arterial hypertension (%) | 82.6 | 84.8 | 80.4 | 0.72 |
| Active cancer (%) | 26.1 | 23.9 | 28.3 | 0.82 |
| Osteoporosis (%) | 22.8 | 26.1 | 19.6 | 0.58 |
| Renal insufficiency ≥ 3 (%) | 26.1 | 28.3 | 23.9 | 0.82 |
| Anticoagulation (%) | 40.2 | 39.1 | 41.3 | 1 |
| Albumin (g/l) | 33.02 ± 7.6 | 31.92 ± 8.85 | 34.26 ± 5.75 | 0.61 |
| Hemoglobin (mmol/l) | 6.05 ± 1.09 | 5.88 ± 1.09 | 6.22 ± 1.08 | 0.17 |
| C-reactive protein (mg/l) | 91.9 ± 88.85 | 114.33 ± 99.2 | 69.47 ± 71.38 | 0.02 |
| Leukocytes (× 109/l) | 10.7 ± 5.87 | 10.59 ± 6.39 | 10.81 ± 5.38 | 0.78 |
| Wound revision (%) | 20.7 | 26.1 | 15.2 | 0.30 |
| Number of addressed vertebral bodies (n) | 5.4 ± 2.58 | 5.7 ± 2.67 | 5.2 ± 2.49 | 0.36 |
| Duration of initial surgery (min) | 177.5 ± 85.13 | 182 ± 102.5 | 172.7 ± 62.29 | 0.63 |
| Duration of revision surgery (min) | 67.6 ± 25.47 | 72.9 ± 28.01 | 62.3 ± 21.69 | 0.06 |
| Time between first and second WR (days) | 12 ± 6.92 | 12.3 ± 7.88 | 11.3 ± 5.15 | 0.73 |
| Length of hospital stay (days) | 32.2 ± 22.6 | 38.1 ± 26.03 | 26.2 ± 16.83 | 0.01 |
| ICU admission (%) | 42.4 | 50 | 34.8 | 0.15 |
| Local antibiotic therapy (%) | 88 | 97.8 | 78.3 | 0.01 |
| Germ (%) | 64.1 | 73.9 | 54.3 | 0.07 |
| S. epidermidis (%) | 32.6 | 39.1 | 26.1 | 0.27 |
| S. aureus (%) | 27.2 | 28.3 | 26.1 | 1 |
| Propionibacterium acnes (%) | 4.3 | 6.5 | 2.2 | 0.62 |
| E. faecalis (%) | 6.5 | 8.7 | 4.3 | 0.68 |
| E. coli (%) | 4.3 | 8.7 | 0 | 0.12 |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa (%) | 2.2 | 4.3 | 0 | 0.49 |
| Another germ (%) | 13 | 13 | 13 | 1 |
| Mixed infections (%) | 21.7 | 26.1 | 17.4 | 0.45 |
| Mortality (%) | 16.3 | 23.9 | 8.7 | 0.12 |
Data expressed as mean ± standard deviation or proportion in %. Significance level P < 0.05. Significant P value printed in bold
WR wound revision