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. 2023 Feb 15;3:28. doi: 10.1038/s43856-023-00256-2

Fig. 2. Nusinersen decreases the levels of a subset of cytokines and neurotrophic factors in the CSF of SMA1 patients.

Fig. 2

a Schematic representation of the timeline of intrathecal Nusinersen administration and CSF collection in SMA patients. b Levels of IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, IL-12, IL-17, VEGF, eotaxin, and TNF-α in the CSF of SMA1 patients prior to treatment (T0, n = 18) and at the time of the fourth (T1, n = 16) and the sixth (T2, n = 16) injection of Nusinersen. Controls (n = 4) were used as a reference for physiological levels of cytokines. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, compared to T0 (Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed ranks test). Data are shown as box and whisker plots representing median with interquartile range (IQR). Dots represent individual patients’ values. The dotted line represents the median of control samples. c Spaghetti plots representing the CHOP-INTEND score of SMA1 patient at T0, T1, and T2. d Spaghetti plots showing variations of cytokines levels in the CSF of SMA1 patients between T0 and T2. Cytokines variations are expressed as percentage of the T0 values (expressed as 100%). Patients are indicated as “responders” (red lines) or “non-responders” (black lines) to Nusinersen therapy.