. 2023 Jan 9;102(4):102487. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102487

Table 3.

Effect of in ovo exposure to thiacloprid (TH), chicoric (CA), and rosmarinic acids (RA) on growth performance and plasma hormonal profile of 7-day-old hatchlings.

	Experimental groups
	Control	TH	CA	RA	TH/CA	TH/RA	TH/CA+RA	P-value
Performance
Daily weight gain (g)	13.49 ± 0.26^a	10.52 ± 0.94^b	13.61 ± 0.19^a	13.48 ± 0.27^a	12.24 ± 0.40^ab	12.24 ± 0.38^ab	13.65 ± 0.008^a	< 0.002
Daily feed intake (g)	23.78 ± 0.29^a	17.69 ±1.92^b	24.00 ± 0.58^a	24.31 ± 0.73^a	19.71 ± 0.60^b	20.12 ± 0.37^b	23.99 ± 0.17^a	< 0.001
FCR (g feed/g gain)	1.76 ± 0.02^ab	1.67 ± 0.03b^c	1.75 ± 0.01^a^b	1.79 ± 0.02^a	1.61 ± 0.01^c	1.63 ± 0.02^c	1.75 ± 0.02^ab	< 0.001
Hormonal profile
T3 (ng/ml)	1.41 ± 0.00^a	1.07 ± 0.05^b	1.41 ± 0.00^a	1.41 ± 0.00^a	1.33 ± 0.02^a	1.35 ± 0.01^a	1.40 ± 0.00^a	< 0.001
T4 (ng/ml)	9.51 ± 0.00^a	5.12 ± 0.05^d	9.66 ± 0.10^a	9.83 ± 0.03^a	6.57 ± 0.11^c	6.63 ± 0.20^c	7.41 ± 0.09^b	< 0.001
GH (ng/ml)	102.83 ± 0.74^a	90.15 ± 2.48^b	102.77 ± 0.64^a	102.78 ± 0.77^a	100.51 ± 0.34^a	100.77 ± 0.38^a	102.60 ± 0.80^a	< 0.001

Values are mean ± SE, values not sharing a joint superscript letter (a - d) differ significantly at *P < 0.05. P- overall treatment.