Table 3.

Photocatalytic process parameters, nature of photocatalyts, preparation methods, degradation efficiency, as well as irradiation domain and time.

Photocatalyst	Synthesis method	CAP degradation efficiency [%]	Radiation	Refs.
Ag/TiO2 nanoparticles	chemical reduction	84	UV light, 120 min	69
Fe(III)-hydroxysulfate/oxalic acid	bio-synthesis	97.5	UV to IR, 40 min	70
TiO2 nanoparticles (30% rutile, 70% anatase)	commercial	93.8	UV light, 45 min	71
TiO2-H2O2	commercial	99.5	UV light, 180 min	72
B, Ni co-doped TiO2/g-C3N4	sol gel, calcination, and heating reflux method	95	Visible light, 180 min	73
CdS/WO3/FTO photoanode; hemin-graphene cathode—photoelectrocatalysis	layer-by-layer assembly of CdS quantum dots on WO3/FTO	80	Visible light, 10 h	74
SrFeO3−x/g-C3N4	sintering	95	Visible light, 24 h	75
CuInS2	hydrothermal technique	50	Visible light, 160 min	76
St-doped La cobaltate/Cl-doped carbon nitride	Calcination, sol–gel	20	Visible light, 20 min	77
Fe oxide/Fe hydroxide/N-rGO layers	MAPLE laser based method	80%	Visible light, 400–700 nm, 16 × 8 W lamps; 1 × 1 cm2 surface area; ~ 10 μg; 360 min	Data reported in this work