Table 5.

Descriptive statistics of people needing help and offering aid.

	Need help		Offer help		t	df	p-Value
	M	SD	M	SD
Hope	10.73	3.07	13.44	2.82	−6.210	179	< 0.001
Self-efficacy	11.51	3.28	13.76	2.91	−4.897	179	< 0.001
Resilience	11.75	3.75	13.88	3.22	−4.107	179	< 0.001
Optimism	13.88	3.87	14.69	3.37	−1.505	179	n.i.
Psycho-emotional condition	3.48	1.46	4.62	1.28	−5.612	179	< 0.001
Physical condition	4.33	1.39	4.60	1.41	−1.266	179	n.i.
Relationships with family	5.20	1.55	5.77	1.30	−2.698	179	0.008
Relationships with friends	5.08	1.61	5.76	1.21	−3.242	179	0.001

n.i., not important/no significant difference between groups.