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. 2023 Feb 2;13:1056534. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1056534

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Copyright © 2023 Liu, Chen, Jeng, Chang, Wang, Lin, Tsai, Ko, Ko and Wang

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Shannon indices of oral microbiota in paired samples before (B) and after (A) gargling of mouthwash groups (A) C, (B) L, and (C) N. For each group, paired Wilcoxon rank test p-value is shown.