Table 1.
Intestinal colonization | Nasal colonization | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total (n=84) |
Probiotic (n=42) |
Placebo (n=42) |
Total (n=50) |
Probiotic (n=25) |
Placebo (n=25) |
|
Male | 39 | 18 (46·15%) | 21 (53·85%) | 23 | 10 (43·48%) | 13 (56·52%) |
Female | 45 | 24 (53·33%) | 21 (46·67%) | 27 | 15 (55·56%) | 12 (44·44%) |
Average age | 36·20 ± 12·95 | 36·19 ± 14·03 | 36·21 ± 11·94 | 34·2 ± 11·07 | 34·32 ± 12·31 | 34·08 ± 9·94 |
Occupation | ||||||
General employee | 13 | 7 (53·85%) | 6 (46·15%) | 20 | 7 (35·00%) | 13 (65·00%) |
Farmer | 17 | 5 (29·41%) | 12 (70·59%) | 2 | 1 (50·00%) | 1 (50·00%) |
Federal employee | 5 | 1 (20·00%) | 4 (80·00%) | 2 | 2 (100·00%) | 0 (0·00%) |
Grocer | 3 | 0 (0·00%) | 3 (100·00%) | 1 | 1 (100·00%) | 0 (0·00%) |
Healthcare worker | 5 | 2 (40·00%) | 3 (60·00%) | 1 | 0 (0·00%) | 1 (100·00%) |
Student | 27 | 18 (66·67%) | 9 (33·33%) | 14 | 8 (57·14%) | 6 (42·86%) |
Unemployed | 9 | 6 (66·67%) | 3 (33·33%) | 7 | 5 (71·43%) | 2 (28·57%) |
Veterinarian | 3 | 2 (66·67%) | 1 (33·33%) | 2 | 1 (50·00%) | 1 (50·00%) |
Business owner | 2 | 1 (50·00%) | 1 (50·00%) | 1 | 0 (0·00%) | 1 (100·00%) |
Smoking | ||||||
≥3 times/week | 39 | 25 (64·10%) | 14 (35·90%) | 15 | 9 (60·00%) | 6 (40·00%) |
1–2 times/week | 0 | 0 (0·00%) | 0 (0·00%) | 0 | 0 (0·00%) | 0 (0·00%) |
Never | 45 | 17 (37·78%) | 28 (62·22%) | 35 | 16 (45·71%) | 19 (54·29%) |
Alcohol consumption | ||||||
≥3 times/week | 3 | 2 (66·67%) | 1 (33·33%) | 3 | 2 (66·67%) | 1 (33·33%) |
1–2 times/week | 34 | 16 (47·06%) | 18 (52·94%) | 14 | 9 (64·29%) | 5 (35·71%) |
Never | 47 | 24 (51·06%) | 23 (48·94%) | 33 | 14 (42·42%) | 19 (57·58%) |
Underlying condition | ||||||
Allergic rhinitis | 2 | 2 (100·00%) | 0 (0·00%) | 18 | 9 (50·00%) | 9 (50·00%) |
Asthma | 3 | 1 (33·33%) | 2 (66·67%) | 4 | 2 (50·00%) | 2 (50·00%) |
Diabetes | 2 | 2 (100·00%) | 0 (0·00%) | 0 | 0 (0·00%) | 0 (0·00%) |
Hypertension | 1 | 0 (0·00%) | 1 (100·00%) | 1 | 1 (100·00%) | 0 (0·00%) |