Table 1.
Characteristics of study cohort and predictors of switching from efavirenz to dolutegravir (exposed) vs remaining on efavirenz (unexposed) among ART patients at the Themba Lethu Clinic in Johannesburg South Africa (n = 6948).
| Variable at time of switch | Unexposed (n = 6154) |
Exposed (n = 794) |
Adjusted Odds Ratioa (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex of patients | |||
| Female | 3819 (90.9) | 384 (9.14) | ref. |
| Male | 2335 (85.1) | 410 (14.9) | 1.94 (1.64, 2.31) |
| Age (years) at ART initiation | |||
| 18–24.9 | 343 (76.9) | 103 (23.1) | 2.50 (1.80, 3.48) |
| 25–29.9 | 781 (93.4) | 55 (6.58) | 0.54 (0.38, 0.77) |
| 30–39.9 | 2531 (90.5) | 265 (9.48) | 0.71 (0.56, 0.92) |
| 40–49.9 | 1776 (87.4) | 256 (12.6) | 0.89 (0.69, 1.15) |
| ≥50 | 723 (86.3) | 115 (13.7) | ref. |
| CD4 count (cells/mm3) at time of switch | |||
| <200 | 585 (90.3) | 63 (9.72) | ref. |
| 200–299 | 823 (87.2) | 121 (12.8) | 1.05 (0.74, 1.49) |
| 300–399 | 1067 (88.7) | 136 (11.3) | 0.86 (0.61, 1.22) |
| 400–499 | 1022 (89.3) | 122 (10.7) | 0.76 (0.53, 1.08) |
| ≥500 | 2657 (88.3) | 352 (11.7) | 0.82 (0.60, 1.14) |
| Viral load suppression (<1000 copies/mL) | |||
| No | 319 (98.2) | 6 (1.85) | ref. |
| Yes | 5819 (88.1) | 788 (11.9) | 6.86 (0.82, 1.27) |
| Time (months) on ART at time of switch | |||
| 0–11.9 | 1159 (92.9) | 89 (7.13) | ref. |
| 12–23.9 | 917 (86.2) | 147 (13.8) | 2.03 (1.52, 2.70) |
| 24–35.9 | 771 (88.6) | 99 (11.4) | 1.55 (1.14, 2.13) |
| 36–47.9 | 643 (89.3) | 77 (10.7) | 1.57 (1.12, 2.20) |
| 48–59.0 | 686 (90.6) | 71 (9.38) | 2.45 (1.72, 3.48) |
| ≥60 | 1978 (86.4) | 311 (13.6) | 8.85 (6.48, 12.1) |
| Haemoglobin (ug/dL) at time of switch | |||
| <10.0 | 261 (94.6) | 15 (5.43) | ref. |
| ≥10.0 | 5896 (88.3) | 779 (11.7) | 1.44 (0.83, 2.51) |
| Body mass Index (kg/m2) at time of switch | |||
| <18.5 | 413 (94.3) | 25 (5.71) | ref. |
| 18.5–24.9 | 2449 (89.6) | 285 (10.4) | 1.67 (1.08, 2.59) |
| 25–29.9 | 1701 (88.3) | 225 (11.7) | 2.13 (1.36, 3.34) |
| 30–39.9 | 1591 (86.0) | 259 (14.0) | 3.03 (1.93, 4.76) |
| Hypertension at time of switch | |||
| No | 5271 (88.8) | 663 (11.2) | ref. |
| Yes | 883 (87.1) | 131 (12.9) | 1.02 (0.82, 1.27) |
| Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor | |||
| emtricitabine | 3322 (94.0) | 213 (6.03) | ref. |
| lamivudine | 2832 (83.0) | 581 (17.0) | 8.61 (6.80, 10.9) |
a
Odds ratios calculated from a logistic regression model; STATA (v. 15.0) psmatch procedure was used to create propensity scores to match patients for analyses of our outcomes.