Table 3.
Comparisons of the baseline characteristic of patients with or without CVDs
| Character | CVDs (n = 986) | Non‐CVDs (n = 7684) | Statistical magnitude | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, n (%) | χ 2 = 41.093 | <.001 | ||
| <60 | 508 (51.52) | 4772 (62.10) | ||
| ≥60 | 478 (48.48) | 2912 (37.90) | ||
| BMI, n (%) | χ 2 = 16.927 | <.001 | ||
| <18.5 | 312 (31.64) | 2492 (32.43) | ||
| 18.5−23.9 | 348 (35.29) | 3106 (40.42) | ||
| ≥24 | 326 (33.06) | 2086 (27.15) | ||
| Gender, n (%) | χ 2 = 23.486 | <.001 | ||
| Male | 389 (39.45) | 3660 (47.63) | ||
| Female | 597 (60.55) | 4024 (52.37) | ||
| Marriage, n (%) | χ 2 = 3.320 | .190 | ||
| Married | 884 (89.66) | 7007 (91.19) | ||
| Others | 17 (1.72) | 137 (1.78) | ||
| Widowed | 85 (8.62) | 540 (7.03) | ||
| Registered permanent residence, n (%) | χ 2 = 15.595 | .001 | ||
| Agricultural residence | 764 (77.48) | 6260 (81.47) | ||
| Nonagricultural residence | 216 (21.91) | 1328 (17.28) | ||
| Unified residence | 6 (0.61) | 93 (1.21) | ||
| Do not have registered permanent residence | 0 (0.00) | 3 (0.04) | ||
| Education, n (%) | χ 2 = 15.399 | .009 | ||
| No formal education illiterate | 220 (22.31) | 1579 (20.55) | ||
| Did not finish primary school but capable of reading or writing | 159 (16.13) | 1173 (15.27) | ||
| Elementary school | 202 (20.49) | 1446 (18.82) | ||
| Middle school/High school/Vocational school | 270 (27.38) | 2078 (27.04) | ||
| Two/Three‐Year College/Associate degree/Four‐Year College/Bachelor's degree/Post‐graduate, Master's degree | 15 (1.52) | 105 (1.37) | ||
| Unknown/other | 120 (12.17) | 1303 (16.96) | ||
| Smoking, n (%) | χ 2 = 4.826 | .090 | ||
| Yes | 46 (4.67) | 492 (6.40) | ||
| Quit smoke | 30 (3.04) | 207 (2.69) | ||
| No | 579 (58.72) | 4672 (60.80) | ||
| Unknown | 331 (33.57) | 2313 (30.10) | ||
| Drinking, n (%) | χ 2 = 0.123 | .941 | ||
| Yes (drink more than once a month) | 64 (6.49) | 492 (6.40) | ||
| Yes (drink less than once a month) | 24 (2.43) | 201 (2.62) | ||
| No | 567 (57.51) | 4678 (60.90) | ||
| Unknown | 331 (33.57) | 2313 (30.10) | ||
| Vigorous activity, n (%) | χ 2 = 6.396 | .011 | ||
| Yes | 116 (11.76) | 1135 (14.77) | ||
| No | 870 (88.24) | 6549 (85.23) | ||
| Moderate activity, n (%) | χ 2 = 1.502 | .220 | ||
| Yes | 193 (19.57) | 1634 (21.26) | ||
| No | 793 (80.43) | 6050 (78.74) | ||
| Walk activity, n (%) | χ 2 = 0.043 | .835 | ||
| Yes | 283 (28.70) | 2230 (29.02) | ||
| No | 703 (71.30) | 5454 (70.98) | ||
| Dyslipidemia, n (%) | χ 2 = 0.395 | .530 | ||
| Yes | 10 (1.01) | 63 (0.82) | ||
| No | 976 (98.99) | 7621 (99.18) | ||
| Diabetes mellitus dysglycemia, n (%) | χ 2 = 0.012 | .914 | ||
| Yes | 5 (0.51) | 41 (0.53) | ||
| No | 981 (99.49) | 7643 (99.47) | ||
| CES‐D‐10, n (%) | χ 2 = 0.045 | .831 | ||
| Yes | 92 (9.33) | 701 (9.12) | ||
| No | 894 (90.67) | 6983 (90.88) | ||
| Siesta, n (%) | χ 2 = 7.086 | .008 | ||
| Yes | 602 (61.05) | 4349 (56.60) | ||
| No | 384 (38.95) | 3335 (43.40) | ||
| Siesta duration (h) | χ 2 = 4.254 | .373 | ||
| 0 | 432 (43.81) | 3465 (45.09) | ||
| <0.5 | 5 (0.51) | 19 (0.25) | ||
| 0.5 ≤ duration < 1 | 27 (2.74) | 204 (2.65) | ||
| 1 ≤ duration < 1.5 | 8 (0.81) | 34 (0.44) | ||
| ≥1.5 | 514 (52.13) | 3962 (51.56) | ||
| Sleep duration at night (h) | χ 2 = 24.879 | <.001 | ||
| <6 | 604 (61.26) | 4068 (52.94) | ||
| 6≤duration<8 | 323 (32.76) | 3112 (40.50) | ||
| ≥8 | 59 (5.98) | 504 (6.56) | ||
| Sleep duration (h) | χ2 = 21.674 | <.001 | ||
| <6 | 444 (45.03) | 2873 (37.39) | ||
| 6 ≤ duration < 8 | 357 (36.21) | 3139 (40.85) | ||
| ≥8 | 185 (18.76) | 1672 (21.76) | ||
| Siesta ratio, n (%) | χ 2 = 1.413 | .702 | ||
| 0 | 432 (43.81) | 3465 (45.09) | ||
| <0.2 | 413 (41.89) | 3184 (41.44) | ||
| 0.2 ≤ duration < 0.4 | 131 (13.29) | 978 (12.73) | ||
| ≥0.4 | 10 (1.01) | 57 (0.74) |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CES‐D‐10: the 10‐item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale.