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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Feb 16.
Published in final edited form as: Int J Med Inform. 2021 Aug 18;154:104559. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2021.104559

Figure 2.

Figure 2.

Programs used to store and query patient outcomes for gene-drug pairs. A. Traditional off-chain program that is non-transparent and mutable. B. On-chain smart contracts that are transparent and immutable among the sites.