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. 2023 Feb 8;57:4. doi: 10.11606/s1518-8787.2023057004000

Table 3. Average daily energy contribution (% kcal/day) of processed foods, according to race/skin color. Brazil, 2017–2018.

Race/skin color Crude Adjusteda Crude Adjusteda Crude Adjusteda Crude Adjusteda
  Non-ultraprocessed bread and sandwichesb Beers and wines Cheeses Salted/dried/smoked/cured meats
Mixed-race 10.7 (10.4–10.9) 10.4 (10.1–10.7) 1.0 (0.9–1.2) 1.2 (1.0–1.4) 0.5 (0.5–0.6) 0.7 (0.6–0.7) 0.5 (0.5–0.6) 0.4 (0.3–0.5)
White 10.2 (9.9–10.5) 10.6 (10.3–10.9) 1.3 (1.2–1.4) 1.1 (1.0–1.2) 1.1 (1.0–1.2) 0.9 (0.8–1.0) 0.3 (0.2–0.3) 0.4 (0.4–0.5)
Black 11.1 (10.5–11.8) 10.6 (10.0–11.2) 1.0 (0.9–1.2) 1.2 (1.0–1.3) 0.5 (0.4–0.6) 0.6 (0.5–0.7) 0.6 (0.4–0.8) 0.5 (0.4–0.7)
Yellow 6.9 (5.6–8.2) 7.5 (6.3–8.7) 0.6 (0.2–1.1) 0.3 (0.0–0.8) 1.3 (0.0–2.7) 1.0 (0.0–2.3) 0.3 (0.0–0.5) 0.4 (0.2–0.6)
Indigenous 11.5 (8.8–14.3) 11.2 (8.8–13.7) 0.8 (0.2–1.4) 0.9 (0.3–1.5) 0.9 (0.2–1.5) 0.9 (0.3–1.5) 0.3 (0.0–0.5) 0.2 (0.0–0.4)
  Otherc      
Mixed-race 0.4 (0.3–0.4) 0.4 (0.3–0.4)            
White 0.4 (0.4–0.5) 0.4 (0.3–0.4)            
Black 0.3 (0.2–0.3) 0.3 (0.2-0.4)            
Yellow 0.2 (0.0–0.3) 0.1 (0.0–0.3)            
Indigenous 0.2 (0.0–0.4) 0.2 (0.0–0.4)            

a Adjustment for gender, age, income, schooling, area of residence, and macro-region of the country.

b Includes only non-ultraprocessed bread (“pão francês”) sandwiches.

c Vegetable preserves, fruit jam, processed nuts, legume preserves, tomato sauce, fish preserve.