Chart. Classification of foods reported in the Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares (POF – Household Budget Survey) 2017–2018 according to groups and subgroups of the NOVA food classification.
| NOVA Groups | Foods | |
|---|---|---|
| In natura or minimally-processed food items and culinary ingredients | ||
| 1 | Rice | White rice, parboiled, needle, whole grain, 3 grains, and 7 grains Rice-based preparations (rice dumpling, coconut rice, milk rice, risotto) |
| 2 | Beef and pork | Beef or pork (steak, filet mignon, muscle, beef rib, ground beef, pork rib, ham, loin) |
| Red meat-based preparations (kafta, shredded beef, roast beef, roasted ham, grilled steak, roast pig) | ||
| 3 | Beans | Black beans, pinto, green, purple mulatto, black-eyed pea, pigeon pea |
| Bean-based preparations (bean soup and bean broth) | ||
| 4 | Poultry meat | Chicken, turkey, or duck meat |
| Poultry-based preparations (chicken, turkey or roast duck, country chicken, grilled chicken fillet) | ||
| 5 | Fruits and 100% fruit juice | Raw or cooked fruits, fruit salad |
| 100% fruit juice | ||
| 6 | Pasta | Variety of types of pasta, gnocchi, pancake |
| Preparations with pasta (pasta with cheese, pasta with garlic and oil, pasta with white sauce, gratin pasta) | ||
| 7 | Vegetables | Raw, sautéed, fried, roasted or cooked vegetables, and greens |
| Vegetable-based preparations (vinaigrette, salads and assorted soups, quibebe, caponata, mixed cooked vegetables, spinach cream, vegetarian kibbeh, ratatouille) | ||
| 8 | Tubers and roots | English or sweet potatoes, yams, cassava or manioc or yuca, arracacha |
| Puree-like preparations | ||
| 9 | Eggs | Chicken and quail eggs |
| Egg-based preparations (scrambled eggs, soft eggs, omelette, soufflé, eggnog, pasta with eggs) | ||
| 10 | Cassava flour | Cassava flour, fermented cassava flour, tapioca |
| Cassava flour-based preparations (plain fried flour, tapioca flour, sweet tapioca pearls) | ||
| 11 | Corn, oats, and wheat (excluding flour) | Quinoa, wheat, corn |
| Preparations such as couscous, corn cream, polenta, cornmeal soup | ||
| 12 | Fish | Saltwater or freshwater fish |
| Fish-based preparations (sashimi, fish with shrimp, fish gratin, fish stew, fish tartare) | ||
| 13 | Coffees and Teas | Teas made from various herbs (chamomile, lemon grass, black, etc.), mate, chimarrão, tereré |
| Coffees (espresso, carioca, with milk, decaffeinated) | ||
| 14 | Mixed preparations of rice/pasta/flours or other cereals + beef/pork/poultry or fish/seafood + tubers/beans/vegetables/greens or preparations with in natura or minimally processed foodsa | Steak rolls, pot meat, feijoada, rib with vegetables, sun meat with manioc, pork with vegetables |
| Assorted fish stew, shrimp bobó, acarajé, roasted fish with vegetables, temaki | ||
| Milanesa steak, hamburger, pasta with meat, grinded cassava flour with sun dried meat | ||
| Rice and beans, milanesa vegetables, Greek rice, São Paulo couscous, tabbouleh, eggplant lasagna | ||
| Rice with chicken, brown sauce rice, chicken parmesan | ||
| Tuna couscous, fish creamy manioc, shrimp risotto, rice with seafood | ||
| Cuxá rice, seafood lasagna | ||
| Baião-de-dois, arrumadinho, steak rolls, angu with ground beef and tomato | ||
| Chicken salad with mayonnaise, rice with chicken and pequi, cabbage cigar with chicken | ||
| Strogonoff, mayonnaise salad, acai with granola, rice or pasta with sausage or cured pork sausage, legumes with cured pork sausage, shrimp with creamy curd | ||
| 15 | Homemade desserts | Cakes, breads, pies, and other sweet desserts (simple cakes, ambrosia, coconut candy, Brazilian corn pudding, Brazilian rice pudding, caramelized banana, condensed milk dessert with cashews, Brazilian coconut egg custard) |
| Sweet cakes and pies with fresh or minimally processed and ultra-processed foods (milk pudding, Brazilian prune coconut candy, pineapple delight, carrot cake with chocolate filling) | ||
| 16 | Other | Seafood (shrimp, octopus, squid, shellfish, roe) |
| Other meats (goat, goatling, sheep, paca, alligator, capybara, tortoise, lamb, and other animals) | ||
| Natural yogurt (kefir, curd, natural yogurt and skimmed yogurt) | ||
| Other flours (oatmeal, copioba or corn, porridge, guarana powder, vatapá, Moroccan couscous) | ||
| Offal (bovine, chicken, goat, pig viscera) and preparations like sarapatel, dobradinha stew, sarrabulho | ||
| Milk (cow or goat, whole, semi-skimmed or skimmed, powdered or liquid, with or without lactose), cream | ||
| Breads and salty pies (homemade bread, quiche, assorted pies) | ||
| Other legumes (peas, broad bean, chickpeas, lentils, soybeans, soy meat and protein) | ||
| Nuts and seeds (includes peanuts): Chestnuts, almond, hazelnut, peanuts, pupunha, buriti, sesame, flax | ||
| Fungi (mushrooms in natura) | ||
| Sugars, oils (olive oil, soybean oil, corn, coconut), butter, lard, coconut milk, vinegar and salt | ||
| Starch (tapioca with fillings, tapioca couscous, tapioca pearls in red wine) | ||
| Water | ||
| Processed food items | ||
| 17 | French bread and sandwiches | French bread or fermented cassava flour bread or wheat bread (single or whole), bruschetta |
| Bread with butter or sandwich with processed breads and fillings of in natura or minimally processed foods or processed foods (bread with roast beef, bread with sardines, bread with cheese, bread with egg, bread with chicken or meat) | ||
| 18 | Cheeses | Sandwich cheese, mozzarella cheese, ricotta, gorgonzola, coalho |
| 19 | Salted/dried/smoked/cured meats | Jerked meat, sun dried meat, bacon, jabá, parma ham, fried pork skin |
| 20 | Beers and wines | Beer, draft beer, wines, sparkling wine, sake, and drinks with these beverages |
| 21 | Other | Preserved greens/vegetables (sauerkraut, dried tomatoes, olives, heart of palm, pickles) and mushrooms |
| Preserved fruits (guava, banana, pumpkin jam, fruits in sweet syrup, candied fruit candies) | ||
| Preserved legumes (canned corn, canned peas, peanut butter) | ||
| Tomato sauce | ||
| Preserved fish (canned sardines, canned tuna, canned salmon, cod) | ||
| Ultra-processed food items | ||
| 22 | Salted crackers and chips | Salted biscuit, salted doughnut, ham flavored snack, packaged snack (potato chips, bacon chips, spicy peanuts, light popcorn) |
| 23 | Sweet cookies and baked goods | Doughnut, cookies with filling, sweet manioc flour biscuit, waffle biscuit, and others |
| Sweet breads, rolls, yellow custard Berliner, panettone, muffin, croissant with sweet filling | ||
| 24 | Sausages | Beef or fish burger, chicken steak, sausage, cured pork sausage, mortadella, salami, ham, turkey breast, meat pâté, Brazilian calabresa sausage |
| 25 | Sweets | Ice cream, popsicle, ice cream in the cone, milk shake, freezie, yogurt-based ice cream |
| Chocolate, candy and other sweets (milk or semisweet or white chocolate tablet, chocolate powder, chewing gum, caramel bullet, coconut bullet, gummy candy) | ||
| Other ultra-processed sweets (marshmallow, milk candy, chocolate truffle, Brazilian coconut cheese custard, jam, cereal bar, marron glacé, light and diet sweets, Brazilian coconut marshmallow, had coconut candy, peanut jam) | ||
| 26 | Soft drinks | Soft drinks (including light or diet) |
| 27 | Bread, fried and baked snacks, and fast food dishes | Fast food-like snacks (Assorted sandwiches with hamburger, hot dog, wrap, sandwiches with miscellaneous fillings, cheese-egg sandwich, cheese-chicken sandwich) |
| Hamburger bread, processed tube bread, corn bread, rye bread, garlic bread, light and diet breads, toasts | ||
| Sandwiches with ultra-processed food filling (cheese and ham, bread with mortadella, salami sandwich) | ||
| Snacks (potato bread, Brazilian chicken croquettes, sfiha, croquette, oven pastry, cheese ball) | ||
| Salty or sweet pizza | ||
| 28 | Yogurts and dairy drinks | Flavored milk, fermented or chocolate milk, chocolate drink, cappuccino coffee, flavored yogurt, concentrated food shake) |
| 29 | Artificial juice and other non-alcoholic beverages | Artificial juices and refreshments and non-alcoholic beverages (soy milk, isotonic drink, ready-made teas, non-alcoholic beer and wine, energy drink) |
| 30 | Ready-to-eat or semi-ready dishes | Ready-made pasta meals (yakissoba, stuffed cannelloni, stuffed rondele, ready-made lasagna) and instant noodles |
| 31 | Other | Cheese cream, processed curd, cream cheese, margarine |
| Breakfast cereals (granola, corn flakes with sugar, farinha láctea) | ||
| Distilled alcoholic beverages (cachaça, rum, vodka, whisky, cognac, liqueur and drinks with these beverages) | ||
| Industrialized sauces (ketchup, soy sauce, mustard, tartar sauce, salad dressing, light mayonnaise) and heavy cream | ||
| Supplements (protein supplement, vitamins, minerals, dietary supplement, barley powder) | ||
a These preparations may contain ultra-processed ingredients.