FIG 5.

Supernatants from S. sputigena-infected GECs induce monocyte and neutrophil chemotaxis. Monocytes and neutrophils were placed in the upper chamber of the Transwell system. Buffer, CCL3 or CXCL1, or S. sputigena conditioned HIGK supernatant was placed in the lower well, and after 120 min (A) or 30 min (B) of incubation, the membrane was stained with a HEMA 3 stain set kit. Chemotaxis was assessed by light microscopic examination (magnification, ×100). Data are expressed as mean numbers ± SEMs of migrated cells/insert from 3 independent experiments. Results for control conditions (CCL3 or CXCL1) were compared to those for buffer control samples and analyzed by Student’s t test (#, P < 0.001). S. sputigena conditioned samples were compared to supernatants from uninfected HIGKs and analyzed by one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s post hoc test (**, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001).