Table 4.
Descriptive data for variables related to sleep, breathing, screen time, sugary food consumption, and teeth clenching for the overall sample and groups and the respective comparisons
| Overall (N = 178) |
Without possible sleep bruxism (N = 101) |
Sometimes possible sleep bruxism (N = 41) |
Frequent possible sleep bruxism (N = 36) |
Between groups Test; P values |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Breathing [n (%)] |
Nasal | 115 (64.61) | 68 (67.33) | 25 (60.98) | 22 (61.11) |
χ2 P = 0.685 |
| Oral | 62 (34.83) | 32 (31.68) | 16 (39.02) | 14 (38.89) | ||
| χ2 | P < 0.001 | P < 0.001 | P = 0.160 | P = 0.182 | ||
| Children’s bedroom lights [n (%)] | Lights on | 108 (60.67) | 64 (63.37) | 25 (60.98) | 19 (52.78) |
χ2 P = 0.535 |
| Lights off | 70 (39.33) | 37 (36.63) | 16 (39.02) | 17 (47.22) | ||
| χ2 | P = 0.004 | P = 0.007 | P = 0.160 | P = 0.739 | ||
| Noisy places near the children’s house [n (%)] | Yes | 64 (35.96) | 34 (33.66) | 15 (36.59) | 15 (41.67) |
χ2 P = 0.668 |
| No | 114 (64.04) | 67 (66.34) | 26 (63.41) | 21 (58.33) | ||
| χ2 | P < 0.001 | P = 0.001 | P = 0.086 | P = 0.317 | ||
|
Screen time Working days (h) |
Mean (SD) | 26.33 (15.76) | 27.53 (15.79) | 24.72 (13.54) | 24.76 (18.02) |
ANOVA one way P = 0.511 |
| Median (25–75%) | 25 (15–36.83) | 26.83 (15–40) | 24 (16.83–35) | 20.50 (11.37–35) | ||
| Range | 0–60 | 0–55 | 0–80 | 0–80 | ||
|
Screen time Weekend (h) |
Mean (SD) | 7.54 (6.82) | 8.11 (7.14) | 8.04 (6.20) | 5.38 (6.29) |
ANOVA one way P = 0.101 |
| Median (25–75%) | 6.75 (0–13) | 7 (1–14) | 8 (2–12) | 2 (0–9.38) | ||
| Range | 0–24 | 0–24 | 0–19 | 0–21 | ||
| Screen time: working days × weekend | P < 0.001 | P < 0.001 | P < 0.001 | P < 0.001 | Mann–Whitney | |
| Hours of sleep | Mean (SD) | 9.66 (1.90) | 9.74 (1.89) | 9.42 (2.02) | 9.69 (1.83) |
ANOVA one way P = 0.658 |
| Median (25–75%) | 9.50 (8.50–11) | 9.50 (8.50–11) | 9.50 (8.00–11) | 10 (8.38–11.04) | ||
| Range | 3.50–16 | 3.5–15 | 5.5–16 | 5.5–13 | ||
|
Sugary food consumption (times a day) [n (%)] |
Never | 5 (2.8) | 2 (2.0) | 0 | 3 (8.3) |
χ2 P = 0.567 |
| 1 | 17 (9.6) | 9 (8.9) | 6 (14.6) | 2 (5.6) | ||
| 2 | 35 (19.7) | 20 (19.8) | 6 (14.6) | 9 (25.0) | ||
| 3 | 34 (19.1) | 21 (20.8) | 8 (19.5) | 5 (13.9) | ||
| 4 | 39 (21.9) | 21 (20.8) | 8 (19.5) | 10 (27.8) | ||
| 5 | 33 (18.5) | 20 (19.8) | 7 (17.1) | 6 (16.7) | ||
| 6 | 7 (3.9) | 4 (4.0) | 3 (7.3) | 0 | ||
| 7 | 6 (3.4) | 2 (2.0) | 3 (7.3) | 1 (2.8) | ||
| 8 | 1 (0.6) | 1 (1.0) | 0 | 0 | ||
| 9 | 1 (0.6) | 1 (1.0) | 0 | 0 | ||
| χ2 | P < 0.001 | P < 0.001 | P = 0.994 | P = 0.598 | ||
|
Sugary food consumption before bedtime [n (%)] |
Yes | 106 (59.6) | 61 (60.4) | 24 (58.5) | 21 (58.3) |
χ2 P = 0.966 |
| No | 72 (40.4) | 40 (39.6) | 17 (41.5) | 15 (41.7) | ||
| χ2 | P = 0.001 | P = 0.037 | P = 0.274 | P = 0.317 | ||
| Clenching teeth during wakefulness | Yes | 43 (24.2) | 16 (15.8) | 17 (41.5) * | 10 (27.8) |
χ2 * P = 0.005 |
| No | 135 (75.8) | 85 (84.2) | 24 (58.5) | 26 (72.2) | ||
| χ2 | P < 0.001 | P < 0.001 | P = 0.274 | P = 0.008 |
χ2 chi square corresponding P values in each column mean intra-group comparison for proportions (χ2 adherence)
*Means statistical significance between groups in the respective line