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. 2023 Feb 5;39(6):2135–2151. doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02715

Figure 1.

Figure 1

(a) Schematic showing Langmuir compression and merging of NP domains and successive transfer onto a solid substrate using LB and LS techniques. (b) Geometries of various X-ray surface-specific techniques. GIWAXS and GISAXS provide information about lateral and normal ordering of the film at atomic/molecular and mesoscopic length scales, respectively. XRR is used to determine the thickness, density, and roughness of the film by probing electron density perpendicular to the surface. Adapted with permission from ref (22). Copyright 2020 Springer Nature.