Fig. 11.

(A) 2D structure of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) with red sphere representing boron atom, blue sphere representing nitrogen atoms, and yellow sphere representing hydrogen atom. (B) Photographs of 3D printed hBN-PLGA nanocomposites in different shapes such as lumbar spine replica, double helix, scaffold meshes and sheets. SEM image shows the individual strands of printed grids. (C) a, b Cytocompatibility of composite scaffolds illustrated with live/dead cell assay showing the attachment of viable hMSC at different days of culture and SEM images showing the spreading of cells. c Quantitative DNA assessment showing the proliferation of cells on the composite scaffolds over 4-week period. (Adapted with permission from Ref. [161], Copyright 2018, American Chemical Society).