. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Feb 16.

Published in final edited form as: Epilepsy Behav. 2022 Oct 27;137(Pt A):108951. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2022.108951

Table 3:

Stimulation Parameters^§

Stimulation	Lead Configuration		Amplitude		Pulse Width, μS	Frequency, Hz	Cycling		Stimulation Specific Parameters			Charge delivered per hour per lead mC/h (Range)^†^*
Stimulation	Bipolar % (n)	Referential % (n)	Voltage-Based IPG % (n), V (Range)	Current-Based IPG % (n), mA (Range)	Pulse Width, μS	Frequency, Hz	Continuous % (n)	Intermittent (Duty Cycle) % (n), s (Range)	Stimulation Specific Parameters			Charge delivered per hour per lead mC/h (Range)^†^*
ANT n=38	53 (20)	47 (18)	61 (23) 3.8 (Range 0–7.5)	39 (15) 5 (Range 2.5–8)	120 (Range 20–250)	40 (Range 7–145)	58 (22)	42 (16) On: 60 (Range 30–60) Off: 300 (Range 180–600)	NA	NA	NA	28.4 (Range 2.6–468) ^**
CM n=19	84 (16)	16 (3)	84 (16) 4 (Range 1–6)	16 (3) 3 (Range 1–4)	90 (Range 60–210)	60 (Range 2–100)	84 (16)	16 (3) On: 0.1 (Range 0.1–15) Off: 0.1 (Range 0.1–15)	NA	NA	NA	63.5 (Range 1.1–144.7) ^**
									Charge Density (μC/cm2)	Burst Duration (msec)	Therapies Delivered Per Day
RNS n=30	83 (25)	17 (5)	NA	83 (100) 2.8 (Range 0–12)	160 (Range 0–160	100 (Range 0–200)	NA	NA	2 (Range 0–10.1)	200 (Range 0–5000)	1000 (Range 0–3400)	0.9 (Range 0–12.8) ^**
CSS n=32	100 (32)		62 (20) 3 (Range 0–6.8)	38 (12) 1.5 (Range 0.4–32)	210 (Range 90–450)	2 (Range 2–100)	90 (29)	10 (3) On: 10 (Range 0.2–60) Off: 50 (Range 0.2–3000)	NA	NA	NA	6.5 (Range 0.1–835.9) ^***
									Duty cycle (%)
VNS n=40	NA	NA	NA	40 (100) 1.8 (Range 0.5–8)	250 (Range 130–500)	20 (Range 15–30)	NA	On: 30 (Range 7–60) Off: 66 (Range 30–300)	32.5 (Range 10–51)	NA	NA	8.0 (Range 0.7–33.8) ^*** ^‡

ANT, anterior thalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation; CM, centromedian thalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation; CSS, chronic subthreshold stimulation; Hz, Hertz; IPG, implantable pulse generator; mA, milliamperes; μC/cm2, microcoulombs per centimeter square; μS, microseconds; msec, milliseconds; RNS, responsive neurostimulation; V, Volts; VNS, vagus nerve stimulation

^§

All values are expressed as median

^†

For converting voltage to current in patients with voltage based IPG, a resistance of 1000 Ω was assumed (A=V/Ω)

p<0.001 in Kruskal-Wallis comparing across neuromodulation groups

^**

p<0.05 in two-tailed pairwise comparisons (Mann-Whitney U) with all groups

^***

p<0.05 in two-tailed pairwise comparisons (Mann-Whitney U) with all groups except with VNS and CSS, respectively

^‡

Magnet swipes and automatic stimulations are not include