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. 2023 Feb 16;18(2):e0279203. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279203

Table 1. Study characteristic of included studies.

Author_year Country Study period Study design Participant age Sample size
Ali, et al. 2015 [18] Diyarbakir Turkey 1998 to 2008 Retrospective <18 185 TBM
Anne-Sophie, et al. 2011 [19] Denmark January 2000 to December 2008 Retrospective All age 50 TBM
Anu, et al. 2018 [20] S/Africa 2010–2014 Retrospective 3 months-15 years 865 TBM
Baobao, et al. 2021 [21] Shandong, China January 2008 to April 2018. Retrospective >18 80 TBM
Chia, et al. 2017 [22] Kebangsaan Malaysia January 2003 to February 2015 Observational >18 61 TBM
Christiene, et al. 2002 [23] Denmark 1988 to July 2000. Retrospective All age 20 TBM
Cíntia Helena, et al. 2014 [24] Brazil 2001 to 2010 Descriptive All age 116 TBM
Dong-Mei, et al. 2020 [25] Southwest of China January 2013 to December 2018 Retrospective < 14 years old 319 TBM
Fiona, et al. 2020 [26] Uganda Nov 25, 2016, to Jan 24, 2019 Retrospective >18 204TBM
Gijs, et al. 2009 [27] South Africa January 1985 to April 2005 Retrospective <18 554TBM
Heng, et al. 2016 [28] Sabah, Malaysia February 2012 to March 2013 cohort >12 84 TBM
Hosoglu, et al. 2003 [29] Turkey 1985 to 1998 Retrospective >18 469TBM
Jaime, et al. 2019 [30] Peru 2006 to 2015 Retrospective >18 263TBM
Renu, et al. 2017 [31] India July 2012 to July 2015 Prospective All age 197 TBM
Robindra, et al. 2020 [32] Europe February 2016 to August 2016 Retrospective 0–16 years 118 TBM
Yahia, et al. 2014 [33] Qatar January 2006 to December 2012 Retrospective >18 80 TBM
Christopher, et al. 2010 [34] USA 1 January 1993 to 31 December 2005 Retrospective All age 1896TBM
Krishnapriya, et al. 2020 [35] South India August 2018 to February 2020 Observational 293 TBM
Patel, et al. 2004 [36] S/Africa 1999 through 2002 Retrospective All age 6762TBM
Ting, et al. 2016 [37] Shaanxi, China September 2010 to December 2012 Retrospective All age 350 TBM
Jingya, et al. 2016 [38] southwest China - - 11 to 84 401 TBM
Kavitha, et al. 2016 [39] India May 2013 –April 2014 Prospective 3 months to 70 years 698 TBM
Duc T, et al. 2019 [40] America 01/2010 to 12/2017 Retrospective All age 192 TBM
Egidia, et al. 2015 [41] Romania 2004 to 2013 Retrospective All age 204 TBM
Erdem, et al. 2013 [42] Multi-country 2000 to 2012. Retrospective All age 506 TBM
Filiz, et al. 2011 [43] Turkey 1998 to 2009 Retrospective >14 160 TBM
Jyothi, et al. 2017 [44] India 2009 to 2014 Retrospective All age 790 TBM
Lidya, et al. 2018 [45] Indonesia 2006 to 2016 Cohort >18 1180 TBM
Miguel, et al. 2020 [46] Mexico January 2015 to March2018 Retrospective ≥18 41 TBM
Nguyen, et al. 2014 [47] Vietnam 17 April 2011 to 31 December 2012 Retrospective >18 379 TBM
Syed, et al. 2017 [48] India 2013 to 2015 - >18 267 TBM