Table 4.
Changes in behaviors and substance use during initial pandemic protocols
| Gen Za (18–23) | Millennialb (24–39) | Gen Xc (40–55) | Baby Boomerd (56–74) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Change in amount of sleep | |||||
| Stay the same | 22.9 (11.9, 39.5)b–d | 31.5 (25.4, 38.2)d | 38.2 (29.0, 48.4)d | 54.0 (44.4, 63.4)a–c | p = .010; CC = .194 |
| Increase | 27.1 (12.3, 49.6)d | 28.2 (21.0, 36.6)cd | 22.1 (17.4, 27.6)d | 15.9 (11.7, 21.3)bc | |
| Decrease | 50.0 (38.1, 61.9)b–d | 40.4 (33.3, 48.0)d | 39.7 (33.3, 46.5)d | 30.0 (22.8, 38.5)a–c | |
| Change in time accessing news | |||||
| Stay the same | 15.3 (9.0, 24.7) | 18.8 (12.0, 28.3) | 26.6 (21.8, 32.0) | 29.4 (20.0, 40.9) | p = .210 |
| Increase | 76.9 (59.0, 88.5) | 70.6 (59.9, 79.4) | 63.2 (54.3, 71.3) | 64.4 (51.9, 75.2) | |
| Decrease | 7.8 (2.3, 23.8) | 10.6 (6.1, 17.9) | 10.2 (6.2, 16.3) | 6.2 (4.2, 9.1) | |
| Change in alcohol use (only alcohol users) | |||||
| Stay the same | 31.6 (14.0, 56.8)cd | 31.3 (22.7, 41.3)cd | 50.8 (37.2, 64.2)b | 54.1 (35.3, 71.8)b | p = .029; CC = .287 |
| Increase | 48.5 (20.9, 77.1)d | 52.2 (42.4, 61.9)d | 38.7 (24.6, 55.1)bd | 19.3 (12.6, 28.3)a–c | |
| Decrease | 19.8 (7.8, 41.9)c | 16.5 (9.1, 28.1) | 10.5 (6.0, 17.7) | 26.6 (9.4, 55.8)c | |
| Change in marijuana use (only marijuana users) | |||||
| Stay the same | 33.3 (19.7, 50.4) | 44.4 (22.1, 69.2) | 51.5 (41.8, 61.2) | 74.0 (56.9, 86.0) | p = .075 |
| Increase | 57.3 (39.9, 73.0) | 48.5 (26.0, 71.6) | 44.5 (33.7, 55.9) | 20.4 (10.9, 34.8) | |
| Decrease | 9.4 (1.6, 39.6) | 7.1 (2.7, 17.6) | 3.9 (2.4, 6.3) | 5.6 (2.1, 14.4) | |
| Change in anti-anxiety med use (only anti-anxiety med users) | |||||
| Stay the same | 65.8 (34.4, 87.6) | 37.0 (27.3, 47.9) | 61.6 (49.1, 72.7) | 72.8 (60.5, 82.3) | p = .076 |
| Increase | 34.2 (12.4, 65.6) | 49.9 (36.1, 63.6) | 37.4 (26.1, 50.2) | 25.0 (16.2, 36.7) | |
| Decrease | – | 13.1 (2.4, 48.2) | 1.0 (0.5, 2.2) | 2.2 (0.7, 6.7) | |
| Change in sleep aid use (only sleep aid users) | |||||
| Stay the same | 33.5 (12.8, 63.4)d | 24.1 (14.5, 37.2)cd | 43.3 (28.1, 59.9)bd | 68.7 (57.6, 78.0)a–c | p = .041; CC = .343 |
| Increase | 63.9 (37.1, 84.2)cd | 62.9 (41.3, 80.3)cd | 47.7 (36.0, 59.6)d | 25.1 (15.3, 38.3)a–c | |
| Decrease | 2.5 (0.3, 17.9)c | 13.1 (2.4, 47.6) | 9.1 (3.1, 23.7) | 6.2 (2.0, 17.2) |
Comparisons with p < .05 are indicated with bold font and effect sizes are provided
Reported as Column percentages and 95% Confidence Intervals provided using population weights
Post hoc comparisons use alphabetical superscripts to denote significant group differences. The superscripts for each parameter indicate the specific groups that differed significantly from the designated group, with a = Gen Z, b = Millennial, c = Gen X, and d = Baby Boomer