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. 2023 Feb 3;12:e81804. doi: 10.7554/eLife.81804

Table 4. Multivariable Poisson regression models comparing the prevalence of having had a test in the last year by age, sex, familial status, socioeconomic characteristics, and citizenship in the pandemic and pre-pandemic period for cervical, breast, and colorectal cancer screening in Italy.

Cervix Breast Colorectal
2017–2019 2020 2017–2019 2020 2017–2019 2020
PRR 95% CI PRR 95% CI PRR 95% CI PRR 95% CI PRR 95% CI PRR 95% CI
Age (years)
25–34 1.05 1.00 1.10 1.11 0.96 1.27
35–49 1.10 1.06 1.14 1.10 0.98 1.24
50–64 ref. ref.
50–59 1.13 1.08 1.18 1.14 1.00 1.29 ref. ref.
60–69 ref. ref. 1.15 1.10 1.20 1.15 1.01 1.31
Sex
Male ref. ref.
Female 0.98 0.94 1.02 1.01 0.89 1.15
Familial status
Married or with partner 1.09 1.05 1.13 1.10 0.99 1.22 1.04 0.99 1.09 1.01 0.88 1.15
Alone ref. ref. ref. ref.
Educational level
No title/elementary ref. ref. ref. ref. ref. ref.
Middle school 1.24 1.11 1.39 1.56 0.98 2.49 1.10 1.02 1.20 1.52 1.14 2.02 1.10 1.01 1.20 1.29 0.94 1.77
High school 1.41 1.26 1.58 1.89 1.19 3.00 1.17 1.08 1.27 1.62 1.21 2.17 1.18 1.08 1.29 1.37 1.00 1.89
Degree 1.58 1.41 1.77 2.21 1.38 3.54 1.23 1.12 1.36 1.61 1.18 2.21 1.06 0.96 1.17 1.47 1.04 2.09
Economic difficulties
Many ref. ref. ref. ref. ref. ref.
Some 1.06 1.00 1.13 1.03 0.82 1.29 1.08 1.00 1.17 1.04 0.81 1.34 1.27 1.16 1.39 1.27 0.95 1.70
None 1.20 1.13 1.28 1.18 0.94 1.47 1.27 1.17 1.37 1.29 1.00 1.67 1.72 1.58 1.88 1.83 1.38 2.42
Citizenship
Italian ref. ref. ref. ref. ref. ref.
Foreigner 0.93 0.87 0.99 1.06 0.88 1.27 0.83 0.74 0.92 0.72 0.52 1.01 0.93 0.82 1.05 1.31 0.94 1.82