Table 1. List of identifying genes.

Gene symbol	Gene_name	FBgn	Reference	DOI
aly	Always early	FBgn0004372	White-Cooper et al., 2000	10.1242/dev.127.24.5463
aub	Aubergine	FBgn0000146	Nishida et al., 2007	10.1261/rna.744307
bam	Bag of marbles	FBgn0000158	Schulz et al., 2004	10.1534/genetics.103.023184
CadN	Cadherin-N	FBgn0015609	Boyle et al., 2007	10.1016 /j .stem.2007.08.002
can	Cannonball	FBgn0011569	Hiller et al., 2001	10.1101/gad.869101
cher	Cheerio	FBgn0014141	Tanentzapf et al., 2007	10.1038/ncb1660
CycB	Cyclin B	FBgn0000405	White-Cooper et al., 1998	10.1242/dev.125.1.125
Dic61B	Dynein intermediate chain at 61B	FBgn0263988	Lu et al., 2020	10.1101/gad.335331.119
dlg1	Discs large 1	FBgn0001624	Papagiannouli and Mechler, 2009	10.1038/cr.2009.71
esg	Escargot	FBgn0287768	Kiger et al., 2001	10.1038/35037606
eya	Eyes absent	FBgn0000320	Fabrizio et al., 2003	10.1016/s0012-1606(03)00127–1
f-cup	Flyers-cup	FBgn0028487	Barreau et al., 2008	10.1242/dev.021949
Fas3	Fasciclin III	FBgn0000636	Brower et al., 1981	10.1242/dev.63.1.233
fzo	Fuzzy onions	FBgn0011596	Hwa et al., 2002	10.1016/s0925-4773(02)00141–7
hh	Hedgehog	FBgn0004644	Michel et al., 2012	10.1242/dev.075242
Hml	Hemolectin	FBgn0029167	Li et al., 2022	10.1126/science.abk2432
kl-2	Male fertility factor kl2	FBgn0001313	Carvalho et al., 2000	10.1073/pnas.230438397
kl-3	Male fertility factor kl3	FBgn0267432	Carvalho et al., 2000	10.1073/pnas.230438397
kl-3	Male fertility factor kl3	FBgn0267432	Fingerhut et al., 2019	10.1371/journal.pgen.1008028
kl-5	Male fertility factor kl5	FBgn0267433	Gepner and Hays, 1993	10.1073/pnas.90.23.11132
kl-5	Male fertility factor kl5	FBgn0267433	Fingerhut et al., 2019	10.1371/journal.pgen.1008028
kmg	Kumgang	FBgn0032473	Kim et al., 2017	10.1126/science.aal3096
Mst77F	Male-specific transcript 77 F	FBgn0086915	Barckmann et al., 2013	10.1016 /j .ydbio.2013.02.018
Mst84Db	Male-specific RNA 84 Db	FBgn0004173	Kuhn et al., 1991	10.1016/0925-4773(91 )90064-d
Mst84Dc	Male-specific RNA 84Dc	FBgn0004174	Kuhn et al., 1991	10.1016/0925-4773(91 )90064-d
Mst87F	Male-specific RNA 87 F	FBgn0002862	Kuhn et al., 1991	10.1016/0925-4773(91 )90064-d
MtnA	Metallothionein A	FBgn0002868	Gan et al., 2010	10.1093/nar/gkp1006
Nep5	Neprilysin 5	FBgn0039478	Sitnik et al., 2014	10.1534/genetics.113.160945
p53	p53	FBgn0039044	Monk et al., 2012	10.1007/s00441-012-1479-4
p-cup	Presidents-cup	FBgn0030840	Barreau et al., 2008	10.1242/dev.021949
piwi	P-element induced wimpy testis	FBgn0004872	Gonzalez et al., 2015	10.1016 /j .celrep.2015.06.004
Rbp4	RNA-binding protein 4	FBgn0010258	Baker et al., 2015	10.1242/dev.122341
sa	Spermatocyte arrest	FBgn0002842	Hwa et al., 2004	10.1242/dev.01314
shg	Shotgun	FBgn0003391	Voog et al., 2008	10.1038/nature07173
so	Sine oculis	FBgn0003460	Fabrizio et al., 2003	10.1016 /s0012-1606 (03)00127 – 1
soti	Scotti	FBgn0038225	Barreau et al., 2008	10.1242/dev.021949
stg	String	FBgn0003525	Alphey et al., 1992	10.1016/0092-8674(92)90616-k
Syt1	Synaptotagmin 1	FBgn0004242	Li et al., 2022	10.1126/science.abk2432
tj	Traffic jam	FBgn0000964	Li et al., 2003	10.1038/ncb1058
tomboy20	Tomboy20	FBgn0037828	Hwa et al., 2004	10.1016 /j .febslet.2004.07.025
upd1	Unpaired 1	FBgn0004956	Tulina and Matunis, 2001	10.1126/science.1066700
vas	Vasa	FBgn0283442	Hay et al., 1988	10.1016/0092-8674(88 )90216-4
wa-cup	Walker cup	FBgn0037502	Barreau et al., 2008	10.1242/dev.021949
zpg	Zero population growth	FBgn0024177	Tazuke et al., 2002	10.1242/dev.129.10.2529