Table 2.
Socio-demographic, socio-economic, and health information for participants, by PAPM stage of decision-making.
| Unengaged | Undecided | Decided NOT to have booster | Decided to have booster | Had booster |
†Univariate analyses |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (N = 135) | (N = 262) | (N = 31) | (N = 1,415) | (N = 161) | N | pseudo r2 | ||||||
| Age – M (SD) | 59.21 | (6.93) | 60.33 | (7.71) | 62.03 | (9.96) | 63.87 | (7.90) | 70.58 | (10.09) | 1,812 | 0.033*** |
| Gender – N (%) | 1,812 | 0.002* | ||||||||||
| - Female or Other - Male |
70 65 |
(6.84) (6.63) |
152 110 |
(14.86) (11.21) |
17 14 |
(1.66) (1.43) |
711 704 |
(69.50) (71.76) |
73 88 |
(7.14) (8.97) |
||
| Region – N (%) | 1,812 | 0.013** | ||||||||||
| - East of England - East Midlands |
12 11 |
(5.45) (6.08) |
35 13 |
(15.91) (7.18) |
5 2 |
(2.27) (1.10) |
158 145 |
(71.82) (80.11) |
10 10 |
(4.55) (5.52) |
||
| - London - North East - North West |
28 10 14 |
(9.43) (9.62) (5.41) |
42 13 28 |
(14.14) (12.50) (10.81) |
7 1 4 |
(2.36) (0.96) (1.54) |
183 71 190 |
(61.62) (68.27) (73.36) |
37 9 23 |
(12.46) (8.65) (8.88) |
||
| - South East - South West - West Midlands |
21 6 20 |
(6.56) (3.00) (8.97) |
49 21 33 |
(15.31) (10.50) (14.80) |
2 1 2 |
(0.63) (0.50) (0.90) |
221 158 151 |
(69.06) (79.00) (67.71) |
27 14 17 |
(8.44) (7.00) (7.62) |
||
| - Yorkshire & the Humber | 13 | (6.50) | 28 | (14.00) | 7 | (3.50) | 138 | (69.00) | 14 | (7.00) | ||
| Ethnicity – N (%) | 1,807 | 0.009*** | ||||||||||
| - White British - Not white British |
115 19 |
(6.24) (12.26) |
225 35 |
(12.21) (22.58) |
25 6 |
(1.36) (3.87) |
1,328 85 |
(72.06) (54.84) |
150 10 |
(8.14) (6.45) |
||
| Education status – N (%) | 1,806 | 0.007** | ||||||||||
| - No formal qualification - High school qualification - University diploma/degree - Other qualification |
19 58 34 24 |
(12.84) (6.57) (6.64) (5.30) |
16 136 54 53 |
(10.81) (15.40) (10.55) (11.70) |
3 14 8 5 |
(2.03) (1.59) (1.56) (1.10) |
95 618 375 324 |
(64.19) (69.99) (73.24) (71.52) |
15 57 41 47 |
(10.14) (6.46) (8.01) (10.38) |
||
| Employment status – N (%) | 1,806 | 0.013*** | ||||||||||
| - Employed - Not employed |
75 58 |
(9.99) (4.66) |
120 141 |
(15.98) (11.33) |
11 19 |
(1.46) (1.53) |
496 916 |
(66.05) (73.57) |
49 111 |
(6.52) (8.92) |
||
| Key worker status – N (%) | 1,812 | 0.008*** | ||||||||||
| - Yes - No |
32 103 |
(10.36) (6.08) |
56 206 |
(18.12) (12.15) |
4 27 |
(1.29) (1.59) |
186 1,229 |
(60.19) (72.51) |
31 130 |
(10.03) (7.67) |
||
| Health or social care worker – N (%) | 1,812 | 0.001 | ||||||||||
| - Yes - No |
5 130 |
(5.62) (6.79) |
14 248 |
(15.73) (12.95) |
2 29 |
(2.25) (1.51) |
42 1,373 |
(47.19) (71.70) |
26 135 |
(29.21) (7.05) |
||
| Household income – N (%) | 1,812 | 0.004** | ||||||||||
| - Less than £30,000 - More than £30,000 - Prefer not to say |
47 78 10 |
(5.52) (7.89) (6.10) |
101 144 17 |
(11.85) (14.57) (10.37) |
6 18 7 |
(0.70) (1.82) (4.27) |
624 670 121 |
(73.24) (67.81) (73.78) |
74 78 9 |
(8.69) (7.89) (5.49) |
||
| General health – M (SD) | 2.39 | (0.86) | 2.38 | (0.95) | 2.77 | (0.96) | 2.44 | (0.83) | 2.56 | (0.96) | 1,808 | 0.001 |
| Asked to shield – N (%) | 1,806 | 0.002* | ||||||||||
| - Yes - No |
19 115 |
(4.79) (7.19) |
40 221 |
(10.08) (13.82) |
4 26 |
(1.01) (1.63) |
278 1,133 |
(70.03) (70.86) |
56 104 |
(14.11) (6.50) |
||
| Previous COVID-19 infection – N (%) | 1,811 | 0.003** | ||||||||||
| - Yes - No |
17 118 |
(7.87) (6.61) |
40 222 |
(18.52) (12.43) |
8 23 |
(3.70) (1.29) |
137 1,277 |
(63.43) (71.50) |
14 146 |
(6.48) (8.17) |
||
Note. PAPM = precaution adoption process model. † based on univariate multinomial regression model, with reference category ‘Stage 5: Decided to have booster’; stages 4 (decided NOT to have booster) and 6 (had booster) were excluded from regression analyses. * p < 0.10, **p < 0.05, ***p < 0.01.