Table 1.
CT scanner information of the included studies
| Study | Country* | Study design | CT scanner | Tube voltage/ Tube current | Reconstruction slice thickness (mm) | Window width, window level (HU)# | Plain or enhanced CT | Reconstruction algorithm |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Takahashi et al, 2012 [17] | Japan | R |
four-detector row scanners; 64-detector row scanner |
140 kVp; 160–250 mAs | -- | 1500 or 1750, -600 or -700 | Plain CT | High-spatial-frequency algorithm |
| Chang et al, 2013 [18] | Korea | R |
64-detector row scanners; single-detector scanner |
120 kVp; 40 mA | < 2.5 | 1500, -700 | Low-dose plain CT | High-spatial-frequency algorithm |
| Kobayashi et al, 2013 [19] | Japan | R | -- | -- | -- | 1000 to 2000, -500 to -700 | -- | -- |
| Lee et al, 2013 [20] | Korea | R |
the Brilliance-64, MX-8000 IDT; iCT 256 |
-- | 1 or 3 | 1500, -600 | -- | -- |
| Eguchi et al, 2014 [21] | Japan | R |
Hispeed Advantage RP, Light Speed Ultra; Light Speed VCT Vision |
-- | 1.25 | 1500, -550 | Plain CT | -- |
| SHIN et al, 2014 [22] | Korea | R | 64-detector row scanners | 120 kVp; 20 mA | 1.25 | -- | -- | -- |
| Kakinuma et al, 2015 [11] | Japan | P |
16-row scanner; 64-row CT scanner |
120 kVp; 30 mA | 1 or 2 | 2000, -600 | -- | Standard reconstruction kernel (function kernel 01 or 03) |
| Cho et al, 2016 [7] | Korea | R | the Brilliance-64, MX-8000 IDT,and iCT 256 | -- | 1 to 3 | 1500, -600 | -- | -- |
| Sawada et al, 2016 [8] | Japan | R | -- | -- | 1 | -- | Plain CT | -- |
| SATO et al, 2017 [10] | Japan | R | Light Speed VCT or Optima CT 660 | -- | 0.625 to 2 | 1500, -650 | -- | -- |
| Lee et al, 2019 [3] | Korea | R |
16-slice detector CT scanner; 256-slice multidetector CT scanner |
120 kVp, 30 mAs or 120 kVp, 20 mAs | 1 or 3 | 1500, -600 | Low-dose CT | -- |
| Qi et al, 2019 [23] | China | R |
64-detector row scanners (LightSpeed VCT, Discovery CT750 HD or Optima CT660, General Electric Medical Systems; TOSHIBA Aquilion, TOSHIBA Medical Systems) |
120 kVp,35 mAs or 120 kVp, 200–350 mAs | 1 or 1.25 | 1600, -600 | Low dose plain CT/ enhanced CT | Standard reconstruction algorithm |
| Shi et al, 2019 [24] | China | R |
Siemens, Somatom Definition AS scanner; Philips, Brilliance 40 scanner |
120 KVp; 200 mAs | 1 | 1400, -450 | Plain CT | Standard soft kernel (Siemens B31 filter); sharp reconstruction kernel |
| Gao et al, 2020 [25] | China | R | Siemens Somatom sensation, 64 slice, CT scanner | 120 kVp; automatic tube currentmodulation | 0.75 | -- | Plain CT | Reconstruction kernel, B31f |
| Qiu et al, 2020 [26] | China | R |
Discovery HD750-64; LightSpeed VCT; Somatom Definition Sensation-64; Somatom Definition Flash Sensation-64 |
100–120 kVp, 200–280 mAs | 0.625 to 1 | 1200, -600 | -- | -- |
| Lee et al, 2020 [9] | Korea | R |
Brilliance 64, Ingenuity, ICT 256, Mx 8000, Phillips Medical Systems; Sensation 16, Somatom Definition, Siemens Medical Solutions; Aquilion One, Toshiba; Discovery CT 750 HD, Light Speed Ultra, GE Medical Systems |
-- | 1 to 5 | -- | Plain CT/ enhanced CT | -- |
Note: R, retrospective; P, prospective; “‐‐”: not mentioned; *: country was based on the corresponding author; “#”: the lung window setting