Table 1.
Physicochemical characteristics of heavy oily sludge
| Parameter | Concentration | Standard deviation | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH)a by gas chromatography | mg kg−1dw | 75,300 | (11,300) |
| Total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH)b by gravimetric method | 125,900 | (15,800) | |
| Short chain aliphatics C9–C18a | 11,000 | (3000) | |
| Long chain aliphatics C19–C36a | 26,300 | (1650) | |
| Aromatics C11–C22a | 4500 | (180) | |
| Aromatic compounds | |||
| Acenaphthenea | 397.8 | (90.0) | |
| Fluorenea | 283.6 | (5.2) | |
| Phenanthrenea | 245.2 | (11.0) | |
| Fluoranthenea | 206.2 | (8.5) | |
| Benzo (b) fluoranthenea | 86.2 | (8.0) | |
| Hydrocarbon fractions | % (dw) | ||
| Saturatedc | 44.8 | (15.0) | |
| Aromaticsc | 22.3 | (5.4) | |
| Resinsc | 23.7 | (9.6) | |
| Asphaltenesc | 10.2 | (3.9) | |
| Humidityd | 53.7 | (1.5) | |
Standard deviation values are in parentheses
a Method for the determination of extractable petroleum hydrocarbons (EPH) (MADEP 2004) (n = 3), except for fluorene and benzo (b) fluoranthene (n = 2)
b Method 9071b (EPA 1998) (n = 3)
c Method D6560 and D2007 (ASTM 2017, 2019a) (n = 4)
d Method D2216 (ASTM 2019b) (n = 3)