Table 3.
An overview of the number of nanotechnology-enabled products, manufacturing firms, and countries involved in the plant-protection industry (Ref. [238] and https://product.statnano.com)
| Type of nanoagrochemicals | Nanomaterial used | Nano-inspired products | Forming company | Key features |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nanofertilizer | Phosphorus and potassium | Fosvit K30 | Kimitec Group, Spain | It is systemic and penetrates easily into plants, it facilitates potassium distribution |
| Silver | Nano-Ag answer® | Urth Agriculture, USA | It helps plants and soil microorganisms survive and fix the organic matter | |
| Zinc | Nanozinc chelate fertilizer | Afme Trading Group, UK | It helps plants grow and develop by providing them with zinc metal element necessary for nutrient uptake by plants | |
| Zinc | Nanozinc | Alert Biotech, India | Zinc deficiency related crop issues are treated by this product | |
| Boron | Nanobor | Alert Biotech, India | The treatment is suitable for regions with high rainfall and acidic and sandy soils with poor organic matter | |
| Silica | Nanonutrients | NanoL and Baltic, Lithuania | By spraying it on leaf surfaces, all nutrients are delivered directly to chlorophyll and photosynthesis is enhanced | |
| Calcium | Nubiotek® Ultra Ca | Bioteksa, Mexico | It effectively helps crops endure climatic stress, pests, diseases, and aggressive conditions | |
| Iron and magnesium | Nubiotek® Hyper | Bioteksa, Mexico | The compound improves vegetative development by acting as an activator | |
| Titanium dioxide | Nanofertilizer | SilvertechKimya Sanayi veTicaret Ltd, Turkey | Plants grown from nano-TiO2 treated seeds showed significantly higher dry weight, photosynthetic rate, and chlorophyll-a formation | |
| Manganese molybdenum, zinc | Nanovec TSS 80 | Laboratórios Bio-Médicin, Brazil | A defensive agent for seed treatment increases germination and leguminous plants’ emergence | |
| Potassium | Groagro 4: super kalium catalyst + T.E | Microwell Bio Solutions SdnBhd, Malaysia | Accelerating plant growth with improved nutritional value | |
| Potassium | Nano-potassium | Kanak Biotech | It helps plants develop roots and fruit, and improves their drought resistance | |
| Phosphorous | Nano-phosphorous | Kanak Biotech | Reduced tillering in cereals and poor seed development | |
| Urea | Nanourea (liquid) fertilizer | Indian Farmers Fertiliser Cooperative Limited | Nanourea contains nitrogen which effectively meets the crop’s nitrogen needs. Nanourea is more efficient than conventional urea in its use. It increases crop productivity, soil health, and nutritional quality | |
| Nanopesticide | Silver | Nanosept® Aqua | Nanosept, Hungary | Seed treatments can benefit from its potential disinfectant properties |
| Copper | Nanocu | BioNano Technology, Egypt | To improve root vigor while acting as an antifungal agent | |
| Silver | Blue lagoon UV-block | Dennerle, Germany | For the prevention of algal infection and growth in agriculture ponds | |
| Sulfur | Nanosulf foliar spray | Alert Biotech, India | Nanosulf is composed of elemental sulfur on nanosize particles, which dissolve completely in water. Nasosulf can also be used as a plant fertilizer, fungicide, and insecticide |