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. 2023 Feb 16;15:52. doi: 10.1007/s40820-023-01024-6

Table 2.

Summary of facet-engineered catalysts for the HER, the OER, and the OWS

Catalysts Substrates Electrolyte/reactions Dominant facets Overpotential η (mV) at 10 mA cm−2 Tafel slope (mV dec−1) References
Pt NDs Glassy carbon 0.5 M H2SO4/HER {111} 27 22.2 [161]
Raspberry-like SbPt NPs Glassy carbon 0.5 M H2SO4/HER

{110}, {100}

{101}, {012}

 27 50.5 [162]
Pt NSs/CNTs Glassy carbon 1.0 M KOH/HER {311}, {200},{111} 36 44 [160]
Ni1.8Cu0.2–P/NF Ni foam 1.0 M KOH/HER {201} 78 70 [226]
CoP UPNSs Glassy carbon 0.5 M H2SO4/HER {200} 56 32 [227]
Ni5P4 MBs Ti foil

0.5 M H2SO4/HER

1.0 M KOH/HER

 {001}

35.4

47

48

56

 [165]
Ni2P Ti foil 0.5 M H2SO4/HER {001} 130@20 30 [167]
Ni5P4–Co2P/NCF Ni–Co alloy foam 1.0 M KOH/HER {303} 21 23 [170]
Ni2S-octa Glassy carbon 1.0 M KOH/HER {111} 138 139 [82]
Meso-FeS2 Ni foam 0.1 M KOH {210} 96 78 [110]
V2Se9@PEDOT NSs/NF Ni foam 0.5 M H2SO4/HER {100} 72 36.5 [228]
V8C7@GC NSs/NF Ni foam

1.0 M KOH/HER

0.5 M H2SO4/HER

1.0 M PBS/HER

 {110}

49

38

77

44.5

34.5

64

 [178]
TaC NCs@C Glassy carbon 0.5 M H2SO4/HER {222} 146 143 [94]
GaN GaN self-made electrode

1.0 M KOH/HER

0.5 M H2SO4/HER

 {100}

171

168

45

36

 [73]
Pd@Ir TOH Glassy carbon 0.1 M HClO4/OER {331} 300 84.9 [191]
Ag2−xO/FTO-1 FTO 0.1 M K2B4O7/OER {111} 417 47 [192]
α-Fe2O3 Carbon fiber paper 1.0 M NaOH/OER {012}-O 305 51.8 [70]
MnO polypods Glassy carbon 0.1 M KOH/OER {100} 580 149 [229]
CoMoO4 NR Glassy carbon 1.0 M KOH/OER {100} 550@8.93 72 [90]
FeVO4 nanobelts Ni foam 1.0 M KOH/OER {010} 240 37.4 [195]
CO-Fe2O3 Glassy carbon 0.1 M KOH/OER {206}, {119} 439 99 [194]
NiO nanobelts Ni foam 1.0 M KOH/OER {110} 382@50 142.5 [193]
CoSe2-250 Glassy carbon 1.0 M KOH/OER {001} 240 75.8 [198]
NiSe2 Glassy carbon 1.0 M NaOH/OER {200} 310 71 [199]
NiFe NSAs-MPs Ni foam 1.0 M KOH/OER {012} 250@100 34.5 [207]
Ni3Ge2O5(OH)4 nanosheets Glassy carbon 1.0 M KOH/OER {100} 320 67.5 [206]
NiFe-MOF NSs Glassy carbon 1.0 M KOH/OER {001} 240 73.44 [84]
ZIF-67 (002) Glassy carbon 1.0 M KOH/OER {002} 305 67 [80]
Co3O4 nanooctahedron Ni foam 1.0 M KOH/OWS {111} 370 / [221]
NiCo2O4 nanosheet Ni foam 1.0 M KOH/OWS {111} 360 / [223]
NiMoN nanowire Ni foam 1.0 M KOH/OWS {100} 270 / [230]
Ni3S2-300 Ni foam 1.0 M NaOH/OWS {003} 390 / [225]
Ni3S2/NF Ni foam 1.0 M KOH/OWS {1¯11} ~ 320 / [95]
Ni3S2/NF Ni foam 1.0 M NaOH/OWS {2¯10} 590@13 / [92]
TiO2@Ni3S2 Ni foam 1.0 M KOH/OWS {2¯10} 350 / [224]